对莱钢50 t电炉特钢流程研究与应用铁水热装工艺进行了较为系统的介绍，经过实践获得了最佳的热装铁水比。对于以齿轮钢为代表的低碳钢，最佳铁水比为30％；对于以轴承钢为代表的高碳钢，最佳铁水比为40％。经过对该项技术的系统优化，使得电炉与连铸机的生产节奏匹配，提高了莱特50 t电炉流程的生产效率，缩短冶炼周期5～10 min，降低冶炼电耗80～110 kW·h/t，降低过程温降、中间包钢水过热度15～25 ℃，并且有效地稀释了钢中残余元素，提高连铸机连浇炉数至162炉，实现了电炉与连铸的小时产量匹配与均衡生产。
The development and application of hot metal charging on 50 t EAF special steel plant at Laiwu Iron and Steel Co., Ltd. is described. The optimal hot metal charging ratio obtained is 30% for gear steel as representative of low carbon steels and 40% for bearing steel as representative of high carbon steels. By system optimization of hot metal charging technology, the production rhythm between EAF and CCM was realized, and productivity was improved. The tap to tap time was shortened by 510 min, power consumption was reduced by 80110 kW·h/t, temperature loss and overheat of molten steel in tundish was reduced by 1525 ℃. Moreover, the content of tramp elements in EAF bath was effectively diluted, heat number of sequence casting was increased to 162, and operation of EAF and CCM was balanced.
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