利用光学显微镜和透射电子显微镜以及光电子能谱分析方法，研究了元素V和Nb对12%Cr铁素体耐热钢的微观组织和析出相的形态和分布的影响。结果表明：添加V和Nb的铁素体钢具有更窄的马氏体板条组织；附于MX型碳氮化物生长的M23C6碳化物呈细小的针状或短棒状析出，而单独析出的M23C6尺寸较大，呈椭圆形。这些组织上的优化和MX型碳氮化物的弥散析出有效抑制了回火马氏体组织的回复和再结晶，提高了铁素体钢的蠕变抗力。
The effect of trace amounts of vanadium and niobium on the microstructure and the distribution and morphology of precipitates of 12%Cr ferritic heat resistant steel was studied by the optical microscopy (OM) and the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The testing results illuminated that the ferrite steel with V and Nb holds a narrow martensite lath structure. It is also found that the M23C6-type carbides combined with the MX-type carbonitrides, have fine small particle size and precipitate along all sorts of boundaries and in the δ-ferrite phase in the manner of acicular or clubbed shape while the M23C6-type carbides singly precipitated present a rectangle or ellipse shape with a relative larger particle size. The above optimized structure and the dispersed strengthening from MX-type carbinitrides itself restrain the recovery and recrystallization of tempered martensite structure, and thus improve the creep-resistant of ferrite steel.
参考文献
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