以可生物降解的聚苯乙烯磺酸钠(PSS)为分散剂,制备了能稳定分散于水中的零价纳米铁(nZⅥ).未改性的零价纳米铁呈规则的球形或椭球形,平均粒径为60～80 nm,经PPS分散后的纳米铁nZVI/PSS则呈现微小的粒状分散在PSS中.pH=8时,与nZVI相比,nZVI/PSS的ζ电位由+9.4 mV降至-36.7 mV,同时等电点也由8.7变为小于5.XPS分析结果显示,nZVI和nZVI/PSS表面元素构成相同,但nZVI/PSS表面有零价铁存在,而nZVI表面则主要由铁的氧化物组成.实验结果表明,两种纳米铁对Cr(VI)的去除率非常接近,在纳米铁投加量为1.0g·L-1,Cr(VI)初始浓度为100 mg·L-1的条件下,Cr(VI)的去除率在10 min内均能达到95％,在30 min内能达99％,表明nZVI/PSS具有较高活性.
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