对长期运行后的曲线地段U71Mn钢钢轨表层组织与硬度进行研究。结果表明：服役约10 a的钢轨，其踏面3个区的损伤形貌特点：外侧区主要为大量坑蚀麻点、中部区有明显的白亮色车辙印迹、内侧区为大量鱼鳞状热裂纹。踏面内侧区与外侧区表层组织越靠近踏面，珠光体变形程度越大，踏面中部区表层出现厚约50μm的白层；踏面不同区域表层硬度较心部均有不同程度的提高，中部区、内侧区、外侧区表层硬度提高约550HV、130HV、70HV。
The surface microstructure and hardness of the U71Mn steel rail at curve section after service operation for long time were investigated. The results indicate that a large amount of fish scale cracks are formed in the medial zone of the rail in service for about 10 years. A large amount of corrosion pittings are formed in the outer zone,and rutting imprinting of bright color is formed in the central zone. For the outer zone and medial zone,the deformation degree of pearlite becomes increasingly serious as the distance to the tread becomes shorter. For the central zone,the 50 μm thick white layer is formed on the surface. Compared with the heart part,the hardness of different zones of the surface increases to some extent. The surface hardness of the central zone,the medial zone and the outer zone increases 550HV,130HV and 70HV,respectively.
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