采用自蔓延高温合成(SHS)技术直接合成了Al-80%TiC和Al-50%TiC晶粒细化剂.研究了这两种细化剂的相组成、结构及对工业纯铝的晶粒细化效果,并与商用Al-5Ti-1B细化剂进行了对比.结果表明:合成的细化剂由TiC和α-(Al)两相组成,TiC粒子的尺寸和分布对细化剂的晶粒细化效果有显著影响.Al-80%TiC细化剂中TiC粒子尺寸较大(2~5 μm)且呈聚集成团分布,其晶粒细化效果较差.合成的Al-50%TiC细化剂的晶粒细化效果略优于Al-5Ti-1B细化剂.加入0.1%的该细化剂就能使凝固试样的结构由粗大的柱状晶转变成细小的等轴晶(平均晶粒尺寸120μm),且这种晶粒细化效果可保持90 min.SEM和TEM分析显示,Al-50%TiC细化剂中原位合成的TiC粒子具有亚微米尺寸(0.4~0.9 μm),且在高温铝液中具有较强的稳定性,从而赋予该细化剂良好的晶粒细化效果和强的抗晶粒细化衰退能力.
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