熔融盐相变储热材料具有潜热大、储能密度高、过冷度小、热稳定性好、成本低等优点,广泛应用于太阳能热利用的储热介质.在对熔融盐相变储热材料进行分类的基础上,综述了国内外对碳酸盐、氯化盐和硝酸盐等储热材料在热物性和腐蚀性方面的研究现状.针对熔融盐储热材料导热率低的问题,详述了以膨胀石墨、金属、陶瓷、陶土等为基体材料、熔融盐为附体材料的高导热率复合材料制备方面的研究进展.最后展望了熔融盐相变储热材料的研究趋势.
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