直接碳燃料电池( DCFC)具有能量转化效率高、污染低、燃料来源广等优点，是缓解能源危机和环境污染的一种有效途径，其性能与所使用的燃料密切相关。本文介绍DCFC的发展历史、研究现状及发展动态，评述了煤、焦炭、活性炭、石墨等含碳物质作为DCFC燃料的优缺点，分析讨论了碳燃料的晶体结构缺陷、表面含氧官能团对阳极电化学反应的促进作用，以及碳燃料的电解质润湿能力、孔隙结构、电导率、粒径大小对阳极电化学反应的质量传递与电荷传递的相互关系；探讨了阳极催化剂促进阳极反应并提高电池性能的机制；简要讨论了DCFC碳燃料的未来发展趋势。
The direct carbon fuel cell ( DCFC) has been considered an efficient way to mitigate the energy crisis and environmen_tal pollution issues, owing to its high energy conversion efficiency, low pollution, and abundant and readily available resources, but its performance is closely related to the fuel used. We give a brief introduction to the development of DCFCs and a review of the current status of DCFC fuels, with an emphasis on the impact of different carbonaceous materials, such asgraphite, coal, activated carbon, solid waste, and cokeon DCFC performance. We also systematically analyze the relation between the electrochemical reac_tion activity of the fuels and their characteristics. For carbonaceous fuels, defects in the crystal structure and surface oxygen func_tional groups can promote the anodic electrochemical reaction, and their wettability by the electrolyte. Their pore structure, conduc_tivity and particle size can affect mass transfer and charge transfer in the anodic electrochemical reaction. We discuss the function of anodic catalysts in the DCFC, which accelerate the conversion of carbon from solid to gas and improve the anodic electrochemical reaction rate. Based on the current research on DCFC fuels, we forecast development trends and key issues relating to DCFC fuels.
参考文献
| [1] | Song C .Fuel processing for low_temperature and high_tempera_ture fuel cells:Challenges,and opportunities for sustainable de_velopment in the 21st century[J].Catalysis Today,2002,77(1):17_49. |
| [2] | S.Zeceivic;E.M.Patton;P.parhami .Carbon-air fuel cell without a reforming process[J].Carbon: An International Journal Sponsored by the American Carbon Society,2004(10):1983-1994. |
| [3] | Nerine J. Cherepy;Roger Krueger;Kyle J. Fiet .Direct Conversion of Carbon Fuels in a Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell[J].Journal of the Electrochemical Society,2005(1):A80-A87. |
| [4] | Jain, SL;Nabae, Y;Lakeman, BJ;Pointon, KD;Irvine, JTS .Solid state electrochemistry of direct carbon/air fuel cells[J].Solid state ionics,2008(27/32):1417-1421. |
| [5] | Evaluation of raw coals as fuels for direct carbon fuel cells[J].Journal of Power Sources,2010(13):p.4051. |
| [6] | 蔡宁生,李晨,史翊翔.固体氧化物直接碳燃料电池研究进展[J].中国电机工程学报,2011(17):112-120. |
| [7] | Cao D X;Sun Y;Wang G L .Direct carbon fuel cell:Funda_mentals and recent developments[J].Journal of Power Sources,2007,167(2):250_257. |
| [8] | Jacques W W .Method of converting the potential energy of car_bon into electricity energy[P].US 555511 A,1896. |
| [9] | Bagotsky V S.Fuel Cells:Problems and Solutions[M].Hobo_ken:John Wiley ﹠Sons Inc,2012 |
| [10] | Anbar M;McMillen D F;Weaver R D et al.Method of appa_ratus for electrochemical generation of power from carbonaceous fuels[P].US Pat:3 970 474 B1,1976-06-20. |
| [11] | Zecevic S;Patton EM;Parhami P .Direct electrochemical power generation from carbon in fuel cells with molten hydroxide electrolyte[J].Chemical Engineering Communications,2005(12):1655-1670. |
| [12] | Jain S L;Lakeman J B;Pointon K D et al.Electrochemical performance of a hybrid direct carbon fuel cell powered by pyro_lysed MDF[J].Energy﹠Environment Science,2009,2:687_693. |
| [13] | Cairong Jiang;Jianjun Ma;Alfredo D. Bonaccorso;John T. S. Irvine .Demonstration of high power, direct conversion of waste-derived carbon in a hybrid direct carbon fuel cell[J].Energy & environmental science: EES,2012(5):6973-6980. |
| [14] | S. Giddey;S.P.S. Badwal;A. Kulkarni;C. Munnings .A comprehensive review of direct carbon fuel cell technology[J].Progress in energy and combustion science,2012(3):360-399. |
| [15] | Gür, T.M. .Critical review of carbon conversion in "carbon fuel cells"[J].Chemical Reviews,2013(8):6179-6206. |
| [16] | Li, S;Lee, AC;Mitchell, RE;Gur, TM .Direct carbon conversion in a helium fluidized bed fuel cell[J].Solid state ionics,2008(27/32):1549-1552. |
| [17] | Jinshuai Yu;Baolong Yu;Yongdan Li .Electrochemical oxidation of catalytic grown carbon fiber in a direct carbon fuel cell using Ce_(0.8)Sm_(0.2)O_(1.9)-carbonate electrolyte[J].International journal of hydrogen energy,2013(36):16615-16622. |
| [18] | Qinghua Liu;Ye Tian;Chun Xia;Levi T. Thompson;Bin Liang;Yongdan Li .Modeling And Simulation Of A Single Direct Carbon Fuel Cell[J].Journal of Power Sources,2008(2):1022-1029. |
| [19] | Yaohui Bai;Yan liu;Yubao Tang;Yongmin Xie;Jiang liu .Direct carbon solid oxide Fuel Cell-a potential high performance battery[J].International journal of hydrogen energy,2011(15):9189-9194. |
| [20] | Jubing Zhang;Zhaoping Zhong;Dekui Shen;Jianmin Xiao;Zongming Fu;Huiyan Zhang;Jinxiao Zhao;Weiling Li;Min Yang .Characteristics of a fluidized bed electrode for a direct carbon fuel cell anode[J].Journal of Power Sources,2011(6):3054-3059. |
| [21] | Enhancement of electrooxidation activity of activated carbon for direct carbon fuel cell[J].International journal of hydrogen energy,2010(4):p.1778. |
| [22] | Performance improvement of direct carbon fuel cell by introducing catalytic gasification process[J].Journal of Power Sources,2010(15):p.4660. |
| [23] | Chen Li;Yixiang Shi;Ningsheng Cai .Effect of contact type between anode and carbonaceous fuels on direct carbon fuel cell reaction characteristics[J].Journal of Power Sources,2011(10):4588-4593. |
| [24] | J. Zhou;X. F. Ye;L. Shao;X. P. Zhang;J. Q. Qian;S. R. Wang.A promising direct carbon fuel cell based on the cathode-supported tubular solid oxide fuel cell technology[J].Electrochimica Acta,2012:267-270. |
| [25] | 张居兵,仲兆平,郭厚焜,金保昇 |
| [26] | Carbon anode in direct carbon fuel cell[J].International journal of hydrogen energy,2010(7):2732. |
| [27] | Hackett G A;Zondlo J W;Svensson R .Evaluation of carbon materials for use in a direct carbon fuel cell[J].Journal of Power Sources,2007,168(1):111_118. |
| [28] | Basu S.Recent Trends in Fuel Cell Science and Technology[M].Anamaya Publishers,2007:258. |
| [29] | 郭厚焜,仲兆平,张居兵.关于直接碳燃料电池燃料碳的探讨[J].能源研究与利用,2009(04):13-16. |
| [30] | Xiang Li;Zhonghua Zhu;Roland De Marco;John Bradley;Andrew Dicks .Modification of Coal as a Fuel for the Direct Carbon Fuel Cell[J].The journal of physical chemistry, A. Molecules, spectroscopy, kinetics, environment, & general theory,2010(11):3855-3862. |
| [31] | Adam C. Rady;Sarbjit Giddey;Sukhvinder P. S. Badwal;Bradley P. Ladewig;Sankar Bhattacharya .Review of Fuels for Direct Carbon Fuel Cells[J].Energy & Fuels,2012(Mar./Apr.):1471-1488. |
| [32] | Xiang Li;Zhong Hua Zhu;Roland De Marco .Factors That Determine the Performance of Carbon Fuels in the Direct Carbon Fuel Cell[J].Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research,2008(23):9670-9677. |
| [33] | 郭厚焜,仲兆平,张居兵,金保昇.橡木锯屑制备直接碳燃料电池活性炭[J].太阳能学报,2011(03):402-407. |
| [34] | Xiang Li;Zhonghua Zhu;Jiuling Chen;Roland De Marco;Andrew Dicks;John Bradley;Gaoqing Lu .Surface Modification Of Carbon Fuels For Direct Carbon Fuel Cells[J].Journal of Power Sources,2009(1):1-9. |
| [35] | Seok Kim;Soo-Jin Park .Effect of acid/base treatment to carbon blacks on preparation of carbon-supported platinum nanoclusters[J].Electrochimica Acta,2007(9):3013-3021. |
| [36] | HarryAbernathy;RandallGemmen;KirkGerdes;Mark Koslowske;Thomas Tao .Basic properties of a liquid tin anode solid oxide fuel cell[J].Journal of Power Sources,2011(10):4564-4572. |
| [37] | Abhimanyu Jayakumar;Rainer Kuengas;Sounak Roy;Ashay Javadekar;Douglas J. Buttrey;John M. Vohs;Raymond J. Gorte .A direct carbon fuel cell with a molten antimony anode[J].Energy & environmental science: EES,2011(10):4133-4137. |
| [38] | HyungKuk Ju;Sunghyun Uhm;Jin Won Kim;Rak-Hyun Song;Hokyung Choi;Si-Hyun Lee;Jaeyoung Lee .Enhanced anode interface for electrochemical oxidation of solid fuel in direct carbon fuel cells: The role of liquid Sn in mixed state[J].Journal of Power Sources,2012(Jan.15):36-41. |
| [39] | Forrest Stevens;Lisa A. Kolodny;Thomas P. Beebe Jr. .Kinetics of Graphite Oxidation: Monolayer and Multilayer Etch Pits in HOPG Studied by STM[J].The journal of physical chemistry, B. Condensed matter, materials, surfaces, interfaces & biophysical,1998(49/52):10799-10804. |
| [40] | S. Nuernberger;R. Bussar;P. Desclaux;B. Franke;M. Rzepka;U. Stimming .Direct carbon conversion in a SOFC-system with a non-porous anode[J].Energy & environmental science: EES,2010(1):150-153. |
| [41] | Magdalena Dudek;Piotr Tomczyk .Composite fuel for direct carbon fuel cell[J].Catalysis Today,2011(1):388-392. |
| [42] | Seong Yool Ahn;Seong Yong Eom;Young Hoon Rhie;Yon Mo Sung;Cheor Eon Moon;Gyung Min Choi;Duckjool Kim .Utilization of wood biomass char in a direct carbon fuel cell (DCFC) system[J].Applied energy,2013(May):207-216. |
| [43] | Seong Yool Ahn;Seong Yong Eom;Young Hoon Rhie;Yon Mo Sung;Cheor Eon Moon;Gyung Min Choi;Duck Jool Kim .Application of refuse fuels in a direct carbon fuel cell system[J].Energy,2013(Mar.):447-456. |
上一张
下一张
上一张
下一张
计量
- 下载量()
- 访问量()
文章评分
- 您的评分：
-
10%
-
20%
-
30%
-
40%
-
50%