采用Fluent软件和文献建立的二维传热模型，对底电极稳态和非稳态的传热过程进行了数值模拟。计算中考虑了底电极物性随温度的变化、空气隙的等效对流换热系数、底电极内部电磁力和焦耳热的影响等，并采用UDF函数加以实现。通过数值模拟，研究不同底电极结构、电流强度以及绝热/绝缘材料熔损对底电极热状态的影响。计算得到的冷却水进出口温差随冶炼时间的变化与现场实测结果吻合，进一步验证了所建模型和参数选择的合理性。计算结果表明，底电极周围绝热/绝缘材料熔损和电磁力对底电极的热状态和熔化深度起着重要的作用。
Steady and unsteady heat transfer of bottom electrode were simulated by FLUENT on the basis of 2D heat transfer model. Variation of physical properties of electrode with temperature, equivalent convective heat transfer coefficient in air clearance, electromagnetic force and joule heat of bottom electrode were considered in numerical simulation. Some effects of different structure of bottom electrode, current and melt of adiabatic material on the heat transfer of bottom electrode were also studied. Temperature difference of cooling water between inlet and outlet from calculation is in good agreement with measured data and this validates the rationality of model and parameter. Results indicate that the melt of adiabatic material around bottom electrode and electromagnetic force have great effect on the heat transfer and melting depth of bottom electrode.
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