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采用化学气相沉积法制备了具有不同微观结构的纳米碳纤维,并用丙烷程序升温吸脱附和热重实验对纳米碳纤维进行了表征,考察了纳米碳纤维在丙烷氧化脱氢反应中的催化性能. 结果表明,纳米碳纤维表面的含氧基团可能是催化活性中心; 纳米碳纤维不仅具有较好的催化性能,而且在反应条件下具有较高的热稳定性. 在550 ℃下,鱼骨式纳米碳纤维上丙烷转化率为44.9%时,丙烯选择性为33.0%,其催化性能与V-Mg-O等金属氧化物催化剂相当. 不同微观结构纳米碳纤维的催化性能相差较大,这是由于其表面化学性质不同所致.

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