选用三种粒径的麦秸纤维分别与聚乳酸（PLA）粉末组成各种配方,采用挤出注塑的方法制成复合材料。通过红外光谱分析、力学性能测试、断口扫描电镜（SEM）分析以及差示扫描量热（DSC）测试探索了试样的力学性能和结晶度变化趋势,并对结果进行了理论分析,最终确定最佳配方为精细处理且纤维含量为15%的C3组分,此时复合材料的结晶度达到43.44%,玻璃化温度为63.53℃,与纯PLA比较分别提高了29.3%和6%,拉伸强度、弯曲强度、冲击韧性与纯PLA相比有轻微降低,分别为51.07 MPa,55.16 MPa,4.08 kJ/m^2。
The three kinds of wheat straw fibers consisting of different size were selected to mix with polylactic acid powder,and the samples of composites were made through extruding and injection molding.The coupling effect,mechanical properties,glass transition temperature and crystallinity of the composite were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectrum,mechanical properties test,SEM and DSC.The best formulation,which has been found through the integrated analysis,contains 15% wheat straw fiber,which was treated by defibering,coupling and screen separation into PLA.The glass transition temperature and the degree of crystallinity of the composite are 63.53 ℃ and 43.44% respectively,which increase accordingly by 6% and 29.4%.And the tensile strength,flexural strength,impact strength are 51.07 MPa,55.16 MPa,4.08 kJ/m^2 respectively,which decrease appreciably as compared to that of puse PLA.
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