对模拟焊后热处理态12Cr2Mo1R钢在500℃条件下进行了持久试验,研究了试验前后钢的组织和硬度的变化.结果表明,试验前后钢的组织均以贝氏体为主,碳化物同由M3C、M2C、M7C3和M23C6组成,随着持久断裂时间的增加,试样中碳化物数量出现了波动,但均高于试验前,碳化物颗粒的平均尺寸先减小后升高.在持久断裂时间为2272 h时,试样中碳化物含量最高,颗粒平均尺寸最小.断后试样的硬度则先略微降低,后升高,并在持久断裂时间为2272 h时达到最高值,然后再次降低.与夹持段相比,试样的工作段在试验过程中因变形而析出更多的碳化物,试验结束后硬度的下降也较明显,且随持久断裂时间的增加,两段的碳化物含量、尺寸大小和硬度的变化规律基本一致.
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