为了研究铝合金汽车板气垫炉生产线的固溶工艺,利用模拟气垫炉制备的高速热风循环式固溶炉和时效炉,研究了固溶时间和冷却方式对6016铝合金汽车板固溶组织的影响及变化规律,及其对模拟烤漆前后的力学性能及成形性能、烤漆硬化性的影响规律.结果表明:水淬和风淬两种方式下,固溶时间对合金基体中析出相及再结晶过程的变化规律相似;随固溶时间增加,可溶析出相Mg2Si、Al19CuMg41Si33、Al0.56Mg044等逐渐溶解,5 min时完全溶解,Al2Fe3Si3等为不可溶合金相则基本没有变化;固溶时6016的再结晶速度非常快,1.4 min时其再结晶过程已进行完毕,随固溶时间增加,再结晶晶粒尺寸和形态变化较小;实验板材的强度、维氏硬度及成形性指标A、IE、n、r15在固溶时间为5～15 min时保持稳定,水淬的力学性能和烤漆硬化效果略微高于风淬,而成形性指标A、IE、n、r15则差别不大,风淬的A值在模拟烤漆前略优于水淬,风淬板形明显优于水淬,ABS板可用风淬代替水淬.
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