生物拟态SiC陶瓷以硅溶胶浸渍木材模板或其碳模板结合碳热还原法制备,模板不同的显微结构对SiC多孔陶瓷的仿生合成具有显著影响.结果表明:浸渍效果取决于模板的显气孔率、孔径大小及分布均匀性.松木的浸渍效果最好,经1次浸渍,松木模板及其碳模板的增重率分别为66.5wt％和76.8wt％.经3次浸溃—煅烧循环,松木的增重率为156.8％,累积SiO2吸收量远高于柚木和连香木.模板的显微结构、循环次数、煅烧温度影响陶瓷化程度,经3次浸渍—煅烧(1 600℃)循环,由松木生成的C/SiC模板中残碳率仅为15wt％,低于由柚木或连香木生成C/SiC模板的1/3.1 600℃煅烧4次循环后,由松木模板生成的SiC多孔陶瓷中残碳率接近零,碳细胞壁转变成SiC多孔陶瓷细胞壁,其孔隙率为71 vol％.
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