以水稻为研究对象,利用CIRAS-1系统和配有能量色散X光谱扫描电镜(SEM-X-EDS)研究不同浓度镧(La3+)处理下幼苗期和灌浆期水稻净光合速率和叶绿体功能元素及La含量变化.实验结果表明,La3+浓度在0.08 mmol·L-1时,幼苗期水稻叶片叶绿体Ca、Mg、K、Mn、Fe含量和灌浆期Ca、Mg、K含量增加,其余元素未发生明显变化,两生育期净光合速率均上升;当La3+浓度达到1.20 mmol·L-1后,幼苗期和灌浆期水稻叶绿体功能元素含量均呈下降趋势,净光合速率下降.La3+处理下,幼苗期水稻净光合速率对La响应比灌浆期更敏感,净光合速率与叶绿体各功能元素均呈正相关关系.La可以在叶绿体中富集,且与处理La3浓度呈明显剂量-效应关系,随着处理时间的延长,叶绿体内的La含量越高.总之,1.20 mmol·L-1是La3+引发水稻净光合速率和叶绿体功能元素含量降低的临界点,环境中累积的La3+能影响水稻叶片叶绿体功能元素含量,并通过改变叶绿体元素含量而影响水稻光合作用的正常进行.
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