本文研究并建立了气凝胶复合隔热材料传热计算模型.针对气凝胶纳米多孔材料的分形结构特征,结合规则交叉球杆结构,提出了气凝胶纳米多孔材料的分形交叉球杆结构模型,并以此结构模型为基础,建立了气凝胶纳米多孔材料热导率分形计算模型,模型中同时考虑了尺寸效应对气相、固相传热方式的影响,对气凝胶中添加的遮光剂、增强纤维等微米典型结构,以Mie辐射散射理论为基础,结合Rossland扩散近似模型,考虑了辐射传热对热量传递的增强作用;同时结合经典的两相系统等效热导率计算公式,获得复合材料的辐射导热耦合热导率计算模型.本文从纳米尺度的气凝胶多孔材料传热模型到微米尺度的气凝胶复合隔热材料传热模型,建立了完整的气凝胶纳米多孔复合隔热材料等效热导率计算模型.模型与多个文献中气凝胶材料热导率实验数值进行比较,获得了满意的结果,验证了模型应用于气凝胶复合隔热材料等效热导率预测计算方面的有效性.
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