采用化学镀方法对碳纤维进行表面镀镍,采用SEM、EDX、XRD分析了镀镍碳纤维的微观形貌、镀层成分和镀层结构,通过电阻测试研究了镀镍碳纤维的导电性.将体积分数为2.5％、5％、7.5％、10％的镀镍碳纤维作为导电填料制备镀镍碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料,并用屏蔽室法测试了不同频段复合材料的屏蔽效能.结果表明:碳纤维化学镀镍后,表面形成了一层均匀的复合镀层,镀层中镍的质量分数高达94％,镀镍碳纤维的电阻值仅为碳纤维原丝的1/54.镀镍碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料的电磁屏蔽能力较碳纤维原丝有所提高.复合材料的屏蔽效能随镀镍碳纤维添加量的增加而升高.在低频频段(kHz频段),复合材料的屏蔽能力主要决定于材料的本征参数,不同镀镍碳纤维含量的镀镍碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料的屏蔽能力相差不大；在中高频频段(MHz、GHz频段),镀镍碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料屏蔽效能主要决定于材料的电阻率.
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