采用种子乳液聚合方法,在交联的丁苯(SBR)乳胶粒子上接枝甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)和苯乙烯(St),制得MBS核-壳接枝共聚物,并将其作为增韧剂与聚氯乙烯(PVC)共混制备MBS/PVC共混物.分析了MBS的结构特征,考察了不同核壳比的MBS在PVC中的分散状态以及对MBS/PVC共混物力学性能和透光件能的影响,以制备高透光高韧性的MBS/PVC共混物.实验结果表明:当MBS壳层中PMMA量少时,MBS粒子在PVC基体中不能实现良好分散,MBS粒子呈聚集状态;随着MBS壳层中PMMA含量增加,MBS粒子由团聚状态转变成网络状,当MBS壳层量增加到一定量时,MBS粒子以单一粒子状态实现均匀分散.随着MBS壳层量增加,使PVC/MBS共混物实现脆韧转变所需的SBR橡胶的质量分数降低,共混物的透光率降低;小粒径MBS增韧PVC的主要机制是基体的剪切屈服.
Methyl methacrylate - butadiene - styrene(MBS) core - shell copolymer was synthesized by grafting methyl methacrylate and styrene on SBR rubber particles using the seed emulsion polymerization. MBS/PVC blends were obtained by melt blending. The structure characteristics of MBS were analyzed, and the effects of different core/shell ratios in MBS on the disperse morphology, mechanical property and transparency property of MBS/PVC blends were investigated for obtaining high ductility and transparency MBS/PVC blends. With increasing the shell amount of MBS, dispersion states showed aggregation, network dispersion and homogeneous dispersion, the SBR brittle- ductile transition content for MBS/PVC blends decreases and the transparency of MBS/PVC blends decreases. The toughening mechanism of PVC blends with small MBS particles is shear yielding of the PVC matrix.
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