冶金熔体热力学的若干研究

金属学报, 1982, 18(2): 127-140.

冶金熔体热力学的若干研究

中国科学院上海冶金研究所

中国科学院金属研究所

SOME ASPECTS OF THE THERMODYNAMICS OF MELTS

Zou Yuanxi , Zhou Jieheng , Xu Yuansen , Zhao Pengnian , Zhang Ziqing Chou Yuanhsi

为了从二元系中两组元活度的测定值之比求得该两组元的活度值,导出了一个变通的 Gibbs-Duhem 方程式,并在 PbCl_2-SnCl_2,PbCl_2-CdCl_2,AgCl-CuCl,Cu_2S-FeS,PbO-BiO_(1.5),PbO-SbO_(1.5),CaO-CaF_2及 CaO-SiO_2-CaF_2等冶金熔体中得到应用.多年前所发展的从 Ag 和 Pb 二元相图求得两组元活度的方法已扩大到含有单个 AB 化合物的二元系.用这一方法已求得 In-Sb 和 Sn-Te 系中各组元的活度.在研究某些黑色冶金渣与金属间的平衡时,用一适当选择的非铁金属代替 Fe作为熔剂金属有助于克服某些实验上的困难.采用 Sn 或 Cu 与熔渣平衡研究了 CaO-SiO_2,CaO-Al_2O_3和 CaO-SiO_2-Al_2O_3体系.对 CaO-SiO_2二元系获得的数据可以认为具有足够的准确度来验证 Masson 模型的合理性.

A modified Gibbs-Duhem equation has been derived with a view to evalu- ating activities of both components of a binary system from the measured ratios of the activities of the two components.This equation has been applied to a num- ber of melts of systems PbCl_2-SnCl_2,PbCl_2-CdCl_2,AgCl-CuCl,Cu_2S-FeS,PbO-BiO_(1.5), PbO-SbO_(1.5),CaO-CaF_2 and CaO-SiO_2-CaF_2 on the basis of our own experimental data as well as those reported in the literature. The method of evaluating activities of Ag and Pb from the binary phase diagram developed a long time ago has been extended to binary systems having a single AB compound.Activities in the In-Sb and Sn-Te systems have been eval- uated in this way. The use of a properly chosen non-ferrous metal instead of Fe as the solvent in the study of slag-metal equilibria with a view to evaluating activities in some ferrous slags has been shown to help in overcoming certain experimental difficul- ties.The systems CaO-SiO_2,CaO-Al_2O_3 and CaO-SiO_2-Al_2O_3 have been investiga- ted by bringing Sn or Cu into equilibrium with the slags.Our recent data on the CaO-SiO_2 system are believed to be sufficiently accurate for the first time to provide a basis for testing the validity of the Masson model.

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