王勤
,
何巍
,
王世宽
,
郝楠
,
徐象国
,
陈光明
,
徐璐
,
陈达
工程热物理学报
本文搭建了带溶液泵的循环实验装置,并进行了提升管直径分别为6 mm、8 mm和12 mm的气泡泵用于输送12.5％、15％和17.5％三个质量浓度R134a-DMF溶液的性能实验.结果表明,在相同的R134a浓度下,三种管径气泡泵的气相流量随着输入功率的增加均呈大致线性增加趋势,提升效率随着气相流量的增加均明显减少,发生温度均随着输入功率的增加而线性增加,而输入功率对系统压力的影响不大.在相同的R134a浓度和相同气相流量下,8 mm管径气泡泵的提升效率最高,6 mm管径气泡泵的提升效率最低,R134a的浓度对提升效率的影响不明显.随着提升管直径的增大,气泡泵的启动加热量在所有R134a浓度下均增加.R134a的浓度对发生温度的影响不明显,但对系统压力的影响很大.这些实验结果对扩散吸收制冷系统的气泡泵设计具有重要参考价值.
关键词:
气泡泵
,
制冷
,
扩散吸收
,
实验
,
R134a-DMF
张文华
,
何巍
,
裴锋
,
伍发元
,
毛荣军
,
艾新平
,
杨汉西
,
曹余良
无机材料学报
doi:10.3724/SP.J.1077.2013.13114
采用聚合热解法制备了掺入3％ Al3+的富锂锰基Li[Lio,2Co0.13Ni0.13Mn0.51Al0.03]O2材料,经过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)实验表明,掺入3％Al3+样品仍然保持层状结构,没有观察到杂质相的存在.在2.0～4.8 V范围内进行恒流充放电测试表明,掺A13+样品在30 mA/g的电流密度下,首周充放电比容量可达349.1和303.8 mAh/g(首次库仑效率87％);在1 00 mA/g的电流密度下,100次循环后,容量保持率为91.7％,显示出高的循环稳定性.这些结果表明掺杂A13+能够在一定程度上提高富锂氧化物材料层状结构的稳定性,为发展高容量和高稳定性正极材料提供一种新途径.
关键词:
锂离子电池
,
Li2MnO3-LiMO2
,
Al3+掺杂
,
正极材料
陈福胜
,
何巍
,
王世宽
,
郝楠
,
王勤
,
陈光明
工程热物理学报
本文提出了一种在传统气泡泵理论模型中引入阻力损失系数的新方法,考虑了从储液罐到发生器之间的阻力损失对气泡泵输送性能的影响,对气泡泵所输送的稀溶液流量进行修正计算,并给出了阻力损失系数与管径、浸没比的经验关联式.采用该新方法,对6 mm、8 mm和12 mm管径的R134a-DMF溶液气泡泵输送性能进行了实验数据和模型预测分析对比.结果表明,用本文所提出新方法和经验关联式所得到的预测结果与实验结果吻合较好,比传统气泡泵理论模型预测有很大的提高,为扩散吸收制冷系统的气泡泵输送性能优化设计奠定了良好的基础.
关键词:
气泡泵
,
输送性能
,
扩散吸收
,
制冷
,
数值模拟
何世赞
,
陈务军
,
高成军
,
李纯
,
江梦
,
何巍
复合材料学报
doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20160328.011
对新型飞艇蒙皮材料在0°、15°、30°、45°、60°、75°、90°七个偏轴方向单轴拉伸循环试验结果进行了分析，给出了残余应变和弹性模量随循环次数的变化规律；得出了由单层板理论推导出的关于弹性模量的本构关系对各功能膜层压合成的平纹织物膜复合材料适用性较差。使用 VIC-2 D数字散斑测量系统测出膜材在拉伸过程中的位移场和应变场，通过位移场求膜材的泊松比和通过应变场验证分析膜材拉伸破坏机制，并可以预测断口形态和位置。采用两种不同规格的试样测试膜材的单轴拉伸强度，通过对比发现采用试样3更能反应材料 Uretek5876实际强度。本文工作对该材料应用于飞艇结构设计和分析具有参考价值。
关键词:
浮空器蒙皮膜材
,
单轴拉伸
,
VIC-2 D
,
泊松比
,
弹性模量
中国材料进展
2011年8日下午，何梁何利基金2011年度颁奖大会在京举行。我国高性能计算机领域杰出科学家、国防科技大学杨学军教授荣获“科学与技术成就奖”，丁伟岳等35人获“科学与技术进步奖”，吴朝晖等15人获“科学与技术创新奖”。中共中央政治局委员、国务委员刘延东向大会发来贺信，全国人大常委会副委员长桑国卫、全国政协副主席万钢出席会议并为获奖代表颁奖。何梁何利基金评选委员会主任朱丽兰向大会作工作报告。
关键词:
科学家
,
基金
,
中共中央政治局
,
全国人大常委会
,
突出
,
国防科技大学
,
计算机领域
,
科学与技术
工程热物理学报
根据《吴仲华奖励基金章程》（吴奖[2008]01号），经各高等院校、中国工程热物理学会和中国科学院工程热物理研究所认真评选和推荐，吴仲华奖励基金理事会评审并确定授予青年学者戴巍、罗坤、唐桂华“吴仲华优秀青年学者奖”，授予程雪涛等10位同学“吴仲华优秀学生奖”。
关键词:
基金
,
奖励
,
评选
,
获奖者
,
中国科学院
,
青年学者
,
物理研究所
,
高等院校
金属学报(英文版)
桑危郑牛樱裕桑牵粒裕桑希巍。希啤。龋伲模遥希牵牛巍。桑危模眨茫牛摹。模眨茫裕桑蹋拧。拢遥桑裕裕蹋拧。裕遥粒危樱桑裕桑希巍。桑巍。罚保罚怠。粒蹋眨停桑危眨汀。粒蹋蹋希?##2##3##4##5INVESTIGATIONOFHYDROGENINDUCEDDUCTILEBRITTLETRANSITIONIN7175ALUMINUMALLOY$R.G.Seng:B.JZhong,MG.ZengandP.Geng(DepartmentofMaterialsScierce,ScienceCollege,NorthearsternUniveisity,Shenyang110006,ChinaMaruscriptreceived4September1995inrevisedform20April1996)Abstrac:Effectsofhydrogenonthemechanicalpropertiesofdifferentlyaged7175aluminumalloyswereinvestigatedbyusingcathodicH-permeation,slowstrainratetensionandsoon.Theresultsindicatethatboththeyieldstressandthepercentagereductionofareadecreasewithincreasinghydrogenchargingtime,andthedegreeofreductiondecreasesasagingtimeincreasesforthesamehydrogenchargingtime.Keywords:hydrogeninducedductile-brittletransition,7175aluminumalloy,mechanicalproperty,cathodicH-permeation1.IntroductionForalongtimehydrogenembrittlementproblemwasthoughttobeabsentinhighstrengthaluminiumalloybecausethesolutiondegreeofhydrogeninaluminumatcommontemperatureandpressureisverysmall.However,hydrogenembrittlementphenomenonwasfoundinaluminumalloyduringtheinvestigationofstresscorrosionandcorrosionfatigue[1-5].Therehavebeenonlyafewreportsofhydrogeninducedsofteningandhardening.Inthispaper,theeffectsofhydrogenonmechanicalpropertiesof7175aluminumalloywereinvestigatedbyusingcathodicalchargingwithhydrogenandslowtensiontests.2.ExperimentalProcedureTheexperimentalmaterialwas7175aluminumalloyforgingintheformofa43mminthicknessandwithcomposition(wt%).5.41Zn,2.54Mg.1.49Cu,0.22Cr,0.1Mn.0.1Ti,0.16Fe.0.11Si,balancedbyA1.Alloyplateof1.5mminthicknesswasobtainedbyhot(465℃)andtoldrollingto83%reductioninthickness.Thelongaxisofhydrogenchargedspecimensisalongtherollingdirection.Allspecimensweresolidsolutionedat480℃for70min,followedtyimmediatequenchinginwaterandthenagedat140℃for6h(A),16h(B)and98h(C).Thetreatmentof6hiscorrespondingtotheunderagedstate.16hthefirstpeak-agedstateand98hthesecondpeak-agedstate.Thespecimenswerepolishedsuccessivelyusingemerypaperbeforehydrogencharging.Thetensilespecimenswerecathodicallychargedina2NH_2SO_4solutionwithasmallamountofAs_2O_3forpromotinghydrogenabsorption,andwithacurrentdensityof20±1mA/cm￣2atroomtemperature.ThehydrogencontentanalysiswascarriedoutonanLT-1Amodelionmassmicroprobeafterthesputteringdepthreached8nm.Theioncurrentsofhydrogenandaluminuminvariousagedstateswererecordedunderthesamecondition.ThetensiletestswereperformedonanAG-10TAmodeltestmachinewhichwascontrolledbycomputer.3.ExperimentalResultsTheratioofioncurrentstrengthofhydrogentoaluminumisrelatedtohydrogenconcentrationinhydrogenchargedspecimen.TheresultswereshowninTable1Thehydrogencontentincreaseswiththeincreaseincharingtime.Ofthethreeagedstates,theunderagedspecimenhasthehighesthydrogencontent.Theratioofyieldstrengthofhydrogenchargedandunchargedspecimenschangeswithhydrogenchargingtime,asshowninFig.1Itcanbeseenthattheyieldstrengthofhydrogenchargedspecimendecreasewithincreasinghydrogenchargingtime.Atthesamechargingtime,theyieldstressdecreasestheleastinthesecondpeak-agedstate,anddecreasesthemostintheunderagedstate.Itindicatesthattheunderagedspecimenismostsensitivetohydrogeninducedsoftening,whichisconsistentwiththeresultsofanotherhighstrengthaluminumalloy[6].TherelativechangesoftheradioofreductionofareawithhydrogenchargingtimearesummarizedinFig.2,whereΨ￣0andΨ￣Harethepercentagereductionofareaofthesamplewithoutandwithhydrogenchargingrespectively.Theradioofreductionofareareduceswhenhydrogenchargingtimeincreases,andthedecreasingdegreeofreductionofareaincreaseswithincreasingagingtime,ie,,theunderagedstateisthemostsensitivetohydrogenembrittlement.4.DiscussionItisknownfromtheresultsabovethatcathodicalchargingwithhydrogenleadstotheobviousdecreaseinthetensilestrengthandplasticityThisisbecausealargeamountofsolidsolutionhydrogenentersthespecimenintheprocessofhydrogenchargingSolidsolutionhydrogenisliabletoenterthecentreofdislocationundertheactionofdislocationtrap,henceraisingthemovabilityofdislocation.Thereforethedislocationsinhydrogenchargedspecimenmoveeasierthaninunchargedspecimen.soresultinginthereductionofyieldstrength[7].Whendislocationstartstomove,thecrystallatticeresistance(P-Nforce)whichitmustovercomeisgivenby:whereμismodulusofshear,visPoissonratio,aisspanofslipplane,bisatomspanofslipdirection.Moreover.theotherresistanceofdislocationmotionmayarisefromtheelasticinteractionofdislocation,theactionwithtreedislocationandetc.,itcanbeexpressedasfollows:whereαisconstant,XisdislocationspanSotheresistanceofdislocationmotioncanbewrittenasfollows:Becausehydrogenatomsreducetheatombondingstrengthafterhydrogencharging,shearmodulusμdecreasesandresultsinthereductionoff,therebytheyieldstressdecreases.Asthecentreofdislocationistheseriousdistortionzoneoflattice.thestresscanberelaxedafterhydrogenatomstuffing,andthesystemenergydecreases.Thusthecentreofdislocationisastrongtrapofhydrogen[8].Therefore,amovabledislocationcaptureshydrogenandmigratestograinboundaries.phaseboundariesorsurfaceofthespecimen,promotingthecrackiesformationandgrowth,thuscausingthelossofplasticity.Sincethelocalenrichmentofhydrogenisrealizedbydislocationtransporting(inthestageofdeformation),thelargerthereductionofyieldstress.theearlierarehydrogenatomstransportedtotheplaceofenrichment.Inaddition,thedamageofatombondingstrengthinducedbyhydrogenmakesthefracturestressdecrease[9]:whereCHishydrogenconcentration.σ_thisfracturestrengthbeforehydrogenchargingandisfracturestrengthafterhydrogencharging.Eq.(4)showsthatthematerialsmaybefracturedatalowerstraini.e.,brittlefractureoccurs.5.Conclusions(1)Hydrogencontentofdifferentlyagedspecimensincreaseswithincreasinghydrogenchargingtimethecapabilityofthealloytoabsorbhydrogeninunderagedstateisthestrongest.(2)Theyieldstressaswellasthepercentagereductionofareaof7175aluminumalloydecreaseashydrogenchargingtimeincreasesundervariousagedstates.(3)Underagedstateismostsensitivetohydrogeninducedsofteningandhardening.(4)Anexplanationwasofferedforthephenomenonofhydrogeninducedsofteninginthestageofdeformation,andhardeninginthestageoffracture.REFERENCES｜｜1G.KKock,Corrosion35(1979)73.2M.K.TsengandH.LMarcus,Scr.Metall.15(1981)427.3PSFao.M.GaoandR.P.Wei,Scr.Metall.19(1985)265.4R.G.SongandM.K.TsengJ.NortheasternUniversity15(1994)5(inChinese).5R.K.Viswanadham,T.S.sunandJ.A.S.Green,Metall.Trans.11A(1980)85.6J.Liu,M.KTsengandB.R.Liu.NonferrousMiningandMetallrgy5(1989)33(inChinese).7LChen,WXChen,ZHLiuandZ.Q.Hu,InFrocofthe1stNationalConfonAl-LiAlloys(Sheryang.China,1991)p.328(inChinese).8Z.HLiuL.ChenW.XChenY.X.ShaoandZ.Q.Hu,InProc.ofthe1stNationalConfonAl-LiAlloys(Shenyang,China,1991)p.334(inChinese).9R.A.OrianiandF.H.Josephic,ActaMetall.22(1974)1065.##61G.KKock,Corrosion35(1979)73.2M.K.TsengandH.LMarcus,Scr.Metall.15(1981)427.3PSFao.M.GaoandR.P.Wei,Scr.Metall.19(1985)265.4R.G.SongandM.K.TsengJ.NortheasternUniversity15(1994)5(inChinese).5R.K.Viswanadham,T.S.sunandJ.A.S.Green,Metall.Trans.11A(1980)85.6J.Liu,M.KTsengandB.R.Liu.NonferrousMiningandMetallrgy5(1989)33(inChinese).7LChen,WXChen,ZHLiuandZ.Q.Hu,InFrocofthe1stNationalConfonAl-LiAlloys(Sheryang.China,1991)p.328(inChinese).8Z.HLiuL.ChenW.XChenY.X.ShaoandZ.Q.Hu,InProc.ofthe1stNationalConfonAl-LiAlloys(Shenyang,China,1991)p.334(inChinese).9R.A.OrianiandF.H.Josephic,ActaMetall.22(1974)1065.##A##BINVESTIGATION OF HYDROGEN INDUCED DUCTILE BRITTLE TRANSITION IN 7175 ALUMINUM ALLOY$$$$R.G.Seng: B.J Zhong, MG. Zeng and P. Geng(Department of Materials Scierce, Science College,Northearstern Univeisity, Shenyang 110006, China Maruscript received 4 September 1995 in revised form 20 April 1996)Abstrac:Effects of hydrogen on the mechanical properties of differently aged 7175 aluminum alloys were investigated by using cathodic H-permeation, slow strain rate tension and so on. The results indicate that both the yield stress and the percentage reduction of area decrease with increasing hydrogen charging time, and the degree of reduction decreases as aging time increases for the same hydrogen charging time.
关键词:
:hydrogen induced ductile-brittle transition
,
null
,
null
,
null
王亚平
,
张晖
,
丁秉钧
,
孙军
金属学报
真空电弧在非晶、纳米晶及常规粗晶电极合金表面微观分布的观测表明, 电极材料
显微组织对电弧阴极斑点几何性质和运动行为有明显影响. 阴极斑点优先在
材料承载电压能力低的弱相表面形成, 弱相尺寸、形貌和分布决定了阴极斑点的几
何特征. 显微组织大幅度细化时, 电弧在电极表面分散和快速运动, 非晶合金表
面仍保持完全非晶结构. 分析表明, 当材料特征显微组织尺寸小于阴极斑点尺寸时,
阴极斑点运动模式从跳跃式运动转变为连续式运动. 电极材料组成相的浓度及其
尺寸是决定阴极斑点微观迁移方式的重要因素.
关键词:
电极材料
,
microstructure
,
vacuum arc
