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THE CHANGING ROLE OF THE NATIONAL LABORATORIES IN MATERIALS RESEARCH

WADSWORTH Jeffrey and FLUSS Michael(Chemistry and Materials Science Directorate , Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory , Livermore , CA 94551)

金属学报(英文版)

The role of the National Laboratories is summarized from the era of post World War II to the present time. The U.S. federal government policy for the National Laboratories and its influence on their materials science infrastructure is reviewed with respect to .determining overall research strategies, various initiatives to interact with industry (especially in recent years),building facilities that serve the nation, and developing leading edge research in the materials sciences. Despite reductions in support for research in the U.S. in recent years, and uncertainties regarding the specific policies for Research &Development (R&D) in the U.S., there are strong roles for materials research at the National Laboratories. These roles will be centered on the abilities of the National Laboratories to field multidisciplinary teams, the use of unique cutting edge facilities, a focus on areas of strength within each of the labs,increased teaming and partnerships, and the selection of motivated research areas. It is hoped that such teaming opportunities will include new alliances with China, in a manner similar, perhaps, to those recently achieved between the U.S. and other countries.

关键词: : U.S. Materials Science. U.S. National Laboratories and Facilities , null

SOLUBILITY OF Ca IN Mn AND INTERACTION COEFFICIENTS OF Al AND Fe ON Ca IN Mn AT 1350℃

NI Ruiming CHENG Wu WEI Shoukun University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing , China Associate Professor , University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing , China

金属学报(英文版)

Solubility of Ca in manganese and manganese alloys was measured under sealed conditions at 1350℃.The interaction coefficients of Al and Fe on Ca in Mn were evaluated with the exper- imental data.The standard free energy of liquid Ca in liquid Mn based on the 1 wt-% solu- tion standard was estimated as well.

关键词: solubility , null , null , null

Fe液中Ca-P平衡的研究

韩其勇 , 张晓东 , 王鹏飞 , 王杰 , 陈冬

金属学报

Ca与P合成的Ca_3P_2,在1600℃通过Ca_3P_2的分解,测定了纯Fe液中Ca-P平衡常数和活度相互作用系数,得到 K_(Ca_3P_2)=α_(Ca)~3·α_P~2=7.0×10~(-14) e_P~(Ca)=-3.1

关键词: Ca-P平衡 , Ca P

ALLOYING BEHAVIOUR OF Ca IN STEEL 58CrV

LU Feng CAO Fengyu LI Chengji University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing , ChinaZHANG Yongxiang CHEN Yonggang Beijing Institute of Machine Tools , Beijing , China Faculty of Metallograph , University of Science and technology Beijing , Beijing 100083 , China

金属学报(英文版)

Effect of Ca on hardenability and CCT diagram of steel 58CrV has been investigated by means of end-quenching and thermal expansion.An addition of 0.006 wt-%Ca to the steel may improve the hardenability,reduce the critical cooling rate of transformation of pearlite or bainite under continuous cooling and increase the M_s.AES analysis showed that Ca segre- gates markedly along austenitie grain boundaries,and accelecrates the segregation of C,Cr and Si.It is believed that besides towards deoxidizing and desulphurizing as well as improving sulphide morphology,a trace of Ca in steel 58CrV behaves towards microalloying.

关键词: Ca , null , null , null

Ca在铝合金中的作用?

张佳虹 , 邢书明

材料导报 doi:10.11896/j.issn.1005-023X.2016.19.004

Ca在铝合金中的作用具有两面性,一方面表现出抑制 P 变质、降低流动性、增加氧化物夹杂等有害作用,另一方面体现出改善 Al-Si合金中β-Fe相形态、细化初晶硅、变质共晶硅等有益影响。首先综述了 Ca 对铝合金显微组织、铸造性能、变质作用等的影响;其次系统归纳了 Ca 与 Si、Fe、P、Sr、Cu 等元素的二元交互作用规律,其中Ca-Si、Ca-Fe、Ca-Sr、Ca-Cu等元素二元交互均表现出协同作用,而Ca-P的抑制作用可以通过添加B或C2 Cl6来消除;最后,开发含Ca的二元、多元联合变质剂,深化Ca对铝合金微合金化作用机理以及再生循环过程中 Ca 对其他元素的影响等都是今后重点研究的思路与方向。

关键词: Ca , 铝合金 , 显微组织 , 微合金化 , 性能

医用Mg-Ca和Mg-Li-Ca合金腐蚀研究

曾荣昌郭小龙刘成龙崔洪芝陶武刘云逸李博文

金属学报 doi:10.3724/SP.J.1037.2011.00325

通过失重法、析氢实验、pH值测定和动电位电化学测试等方法, 研究了挤压态Mg-0.54Ca和Mg-1.33Li-0.6Ca合金在模拟体液中的腐蚀降解行为, 并利用OM和SEM对合金显微组织及腐蚀形貌进行了观察, 采用XRD对基体及腐蚀产物的相结构进行分析. 结果表明, Mg-1.33Li-0.6Ca合金的组织由α-Mg基体和Mg2Ca及CaLi2第二相组成, 而Mg-0.54Ca合金的组织由α-Mg基体和第二相Mg2Ca组成; Mg-1.33Li-0.6Ca合金在Hank's溶液中浸泡初期的耐蚀性能略低于Mg-0.54Ca合金, 随着浸泡时间的延长, 其耐蚀性能明显优于Mg-0.54Ca合金, 主要原因是Li提高了Mg-1.33Li-0.6Ca合金腐蚀产物的致密性; Mg-1.33Li-0.6Ca合金的腐蚀产物为LiH, Mg(OH)2, MgCO3, CaCO3, CaMgCO3和CaMgPO4, 而Mg-0.54Ca合金腐蚀产物为MgCO3, CaCO3和CaMgPO4. Mg-0.54Ca和Mg-1.33Li-0.6Ca合金在模拟体液中的腐蚀类型都为点蚀和丝状腐蚀.

关键词: Mg-Li-Ca合金 , biomaterial , corrosion , simulated body fluid , polarization

医用Mg-Ca和Mg-Li-Ca合金腐蚀研究

曾荣昌 , 郭小龙 , 刘成龙 , 崔洪芝 , 陶武 , 刘云逸 , 李博文

金属学报 doi:10.3724/SP.J.1037.2011.00325

通过失重法、析氢实验、pH值测定和动电位电化学测试等方法,研究了挤压态Mg-0.54Ca和Mg-1.33Li-0.6Ca合金在模拟体液中的腐蚀降解行为,并利用OM和SEM对合金显微组织及腐蚀形貌进行了观察,采用XRD对基体及腐蚀产物的相结构进行分析.结果表明,Mg-1.33Li-0.6Ca合金的组织由α-Mg基体和Mg2Ca及CaLi2第二相组成,而Mg-0.54Ca合金的组织由α-Mg基体和第二相Mg2Ca组成;Mg-1.33Li-0.6Ca合金在Hank's溶液中浸泡初期的耐蚀性能略低于Mg-0.54Ca合金,随着浸泡时间的延长,其耐蚀性能明显优于Mg-0.54Ca合金,主要原因是Li提高了Mg-1.33Li-0.6Ca合金腐蚀产物的致密性;Mg-1.33Li-0.6Ca合金的腐蚀产物为LiH,Mg(OH)2,MgCO3,CaCOa,CaMgCO3和CaMgPO4,而Mg-0.54Ca合金腐蚀产物为MgCO3,CaCOa和CaMgPO4.Mg-0.54Ca和Mg-1.33Li-0.6Ca合金在模拟体液中的腐蚀类型都为点蚀和丝状腐蚀.

关键词: Mg-Li-Ca合金 , 生物材料 , 腐蚀 , 模拟人体体液 , 极化

Ca3Co4O9热电材料及其Ca位掺杂改性

陈袁魁 , 张志伟 , 陈川

中国材料进展

氧化物热电材料Ca3Co4O9与传统热电材料相比具有其独特优势,因而引起了广泛的关注.评述了Ca3Co4O9热电材料的主要结构、热电特性及其Ca位掺杂研究的进展(掺入Na,Bi,Ag等),并对Ca3Co4O9热电材料的应用前景进行了展望.

关键词: Ca3Co4O9 , 热电材料 , Seebeck系数 , 电阻率 , 热导率

Ca-α-Sialon的反应致密化

周艳平 , 庄汉锐 , 温树林

无机材料学报

本文通过反应热压制备了单相Ca-α-Sialon材料,研究了Ca-α-Sialon形成的反应致密化过程.不同温度下产物的XRD结果表明,1250℃样品开始软化,1300℃时体系中反应形成了钙铝黄长石相,1500℃时钙铝黄长石重新溶解于液相中,同时形成了Ca-α-Sialon,1600℃时反应完全,原料中各相完全消失,形成了单相Ca-α-Sialon.不同温度下产物的密度表明,伴随着上述反应形成过程,材料经过颗粒重排、溶解-反应-沉淀过程和晶粒生长三个阶段,通过液相烧结达到了致密化.

关键词: Ca-α-Sialon , null , null

Ca-a-Sialon的反应致密化

周艳平 , 庄汉锐 , 温树林

无机材料学报 doi:10.3321/j.issn:1000-324X.1999.01.032

本文通过反应热压制备了单相Ca-a-Sialon材料,研究了Ca-a-Sialon形成的反应致密化过程. 不同温度下产物的XRD结果表明,1250℃样品开始软化,1300℃时体系中反应形成了钙铝黄长石相,1500℃时钙铝黄长石重新溶解于液相中,同时形成了Ca-a-Sialon, 1600℃时反应完全,原料中各相完全消失,形成了单相Ca-a-Sialon. 不同温度下产物的密度表明,伴随着上述反应形成过程,材料经过颗粒重排、溶解-反应-沉淀过程和晶粒生长三个阶段,通过液相烧结达到了致密化.

关键词: Ca-a-Sialon , 反应过程 , 致密化

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