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OXYGEN SELF-DIFFUSION AND INTERACTIONS BETWEEN DEFECTS IN Fe_3O_4

Y. Niu and F. Millot(1) State Key Laboratory for Corrosion and Protection , Institute of Corrosion and Protection of Metals , The Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenyang 110015 , China2) Centre de Recherche sur la Physique des Hautes Temperatures 1D , Av. de la Recherche Scientifique 45071 Orleans Cedex , France)Manuscript received

金属学报(英文版)

New experimental results on the self diffesion of oxygen in Fe3O4 obtained with a high precision SIMS at 1079K allow to conclude the eristence of oxygen vacancies and of oxygen iron vacancy pairs coexisting selectively with different kinds of iron defects.The possibility of measuring the isotopic effect of the two tracers O17 and O18 is also examined.

关键词: oxygen , null , null , null

Electrochemical synthesis of gold nanocrystals and their 1D and 2D organization

Journal of Physical Chemistry B

Size-controlled gold nanocrystals were conveniently synthesized through direct electroreduction of bulk AuCl4- ions in the presence of poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP). PVP greatly enhanced the gold particle formation process and also significantly retarded the gold electrodeposition process, allowing the electrochemical synthesis of gold nanocrystals to be carried out in the form of simple electroreduction. This novel electrochemical method may be extended to synthesis of other noble metal nanoparticles with controllable size on a large scale. The PVPK90-protected gold nanocry.stals spontaneously self-assembled into nearly ordered 2D close-packed arrays and interesting 1D nanostructures. The aggregation of unstable PVPK17-protected gold nanocrystals resulted in the formation of ultrathin single-crystalline films. PVP plays multifunctional roles in controlling the size and shape of gold nanocrystals and in inducing individual gold nanocrystals to construct ID nanostructures. The nanoparticle self-assembling technique based on PVP offers a simple, but effective, path to organize individual gold nanoparticles into various 1D and 2D nanostructured materials.

关键词: shape-controlled synthesis;uniform silver nanowires;optical-properties;size control;nanoparticles;nanorods;transition;mechanism;nanomaterials;microscopy

One-dimensional (1D) ZnS Nanomaterials and Nanostructures

Xiaosheng FANG

材料科学技术(英文)

One-dimensional (1D) nanomaterials and nanostructures have received much attention due to their potential interest for understanding fundamental physical concepts and for applications in constructing nanoscale electric and optoelectronic devices. Zinc sulfide (ZnS) is an important semiconductor compound of II-VI group, and the synthesis of 1D ZnS nanomaterials and nanostructures has been of growing interest owing to their promising application in nanoscale optoelectronic devices. This paper reviews the recent progress on 1D ZnS nanomaterials and nanostructures, including nanowires, nanowire arrays, nanorods, nanobelts or nanoribbons, nanocables, and hierarchical nanostructures etc. This article begins with a survey of various methods that have been developed for generating 1D nanomaterials and nanostructures, and then mainly focuses on structures, synthesis, characterization, formation mechanisms and optical property tuning, and luminescence mechanisms of 1D ZnS nanomaterials and nanostructures. Finally, this review concludes with personal views towards future research on 1D ZnS nanomaterials and nanostructures.

关键词: One-dimensional , ZnS , Nanomaterials , Nanost

基于4,4'-氧联苯二甲酸配体具有{42·6}{43·6·84·102}{4}拓扑结构的2D钕和1D钐配合物的合成、晶体结构及光谱表征

蒋勇 , 顾雅琨 , 许丽娟 , 董丽娜 , 李夏

应用化学 doi:10.3724/SP.J.1095.2011.00369

通过水热法合成了2种新的配合物[Nd(oba)(Hoba)(H2O)2]·H2O(1)和Sm(oba)(Hoba)(phen)(2)(H2oba=4,4'-氧联苯二甲酸,phen=1,10-邻菲哕啉).X射线单晶衍射分析表明,2种配合物均属单斜晶系,C2/c空间群.配合物1的晶胞参数为:a=2.736 80(5)nm,b=0.956 35(2)nm,c=2.170 93(4)nm,β=97.6850(10)°,V=5.63012(19)nm3,Z=8,F(000)=2 854,R(int)=0.0226.配合物1中4,4'-氧联苯二甲酸根存在2种形式:完全脱质子的4,4'-氧联苯二甲酸根(oba)和部分脱质子的4,4'-氧联苯二甲酸根(Hoba).配体oba和Hoba桥联相邻Nd3+离子形成具有新颖{42·6}{42·6·84·102}{4}拓扑结构的2D网.每个Nd3+离子与8个0原子配位,其中6个0原子来自配体oba和Hoba的羧基,另外2个0原子来自2个配位水.Hoba和配位水、Hoba和Hoba间形成了氢键,将2D网络进一步构筑成了3D超分子结构.配合物2的晶胞参数为:a=1.35260(5)nm,b=1.93686(6)nm,c=2.728 59(8)nm,β=99.867(2)°,V=7.0426(4)nm3,Z=8,F(000)=3 368,R(int)=0.0394.配合物2中4,4'-氧联苯二甲酸根同样存在oba和Hoba 2种形式,相邻Sm3+离子通过羧基COO-桥联形成二聚单元,二聚单元通过oba配体桥联形成1D链结构.每个Sm3+离子与6个来自配体oba和Hoba的羧基0原子以及phen的N原子配位.配体Hoba的羧基间形成的氢键将1D链连接成2D网,通过phen分子间π-π作用进一步构筑成3D超分子结构.配合物1的紫外-可见光谱表明,在510~538 nm和566~600 nm处有2个吸收带,分别对应中心Nd3+的4I9/2→4G7/2+4G9/2+2K13/2和4I9/2→4G5/2+4G7/2特征跃迁;配合物2的荧光光谱表现出Sm3+离子的4G5/2→6H5/2、4G5/2→6H7/2和4G5/2→6H9/2特征跃迁.

关键词: 稀土配合物 , 氧联苯二甲酸 , 晶体结构 , 超分子

Mechanism of Embrittlement and De-Embrittlement for 225Cr-1Mo Steel

ZHANG Xi-liang , ZHOU Chang-yu

钢铁研究学报(英文版)

The constant embrittlement curve for constant segregation concentration on grain boundary of impurity element P and relationship between equilibrium grain boundary segregation concentration and operation time for 225Cr-1Mo steel were derived based on the theory of equilibrium grain boundary segregation. The mechanism of step-cooling test and mechanism of de-embrittlement for 225Cr-1Mo steel were explained. The segregation rate will increase but equilibrium grain boundary segregation concentration of impurity element P will decrease as temperature increases in the range of temper embrittlement temperature. There is one critical temperature of embrittlement corresponding to each embrittlement degree. When the further heat treating temperature is higher than critical temperature, the heat treating will become a de-embrittlement process; otherwise, it will be an embrittlement process. The critical temperature of embrittlement will shift to the direction of low temperature as further embrittlement. As a result, some stages of step-cooling test would change into a de-embrittlement process. The grain boundary desegregation function of impurity element P was deduced based on the theory of element diffusion, and the theoretical calculation and experimental results show that the further embrittlement or de-embrittlement mechanism can be interpreted qualitatively and quantitatively by combining the theory of equilibrium grain boundary segregation with constant embrittlement curve.

关键词: step-cooling test , critical embrittlement temperature , embrittlement mechanism , grain boundary desegregation

微观缺陷和3d电子对La2/3Ca1/3Mn1-xFexO3陶瓷磁电阻性能的影响

郭秋娥 , 黄宇阳 , 邓文

材料导报

用符合正电子湮没辐射Doppler展宽技术研究了La2/3Ca1/3Mn1-xFexO3陶瓷的缺陷和3d电子行为.结果表明:对x≤0.33的样品,随着样品中Fe含量的增加,3d电子数量增加,样品的商谱谱峰升高;对x>0.50的样品,随着样品中Fe含量的增加,样品中有新相生成,体系缺陷增加,样品的商谱谱峰降低.测试了La2/3Ca1/3Mn1-x-FexO3多晶陶瓷的磁电阻性能,讨论了微观缺陷和3d电子对La2/3Ca1/3Mn1-xFexO3多晶陶瓷磁电阻性能的影响.

关键词: 钙钛矿锰氧化物 , 正电子湮没技术 , 3d电子 , 磁电阻特性

R&D STATUS ON INTERMETALLICS IN CHINA

CHEN Guoliang(State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 , China)SHI Changxu (Academia Sinica , Beijing 100864 , China)

金属学报(英文版)

This paper briefiy introduces the R&D of intermetallics in China. R&D on intermetallics in a national scale in China began near ten years ago. The investigation in past years focused on the fundamental research and materials development. A significant progress has been made. Various components that made of Ti3Al Ni3Al, TiAl and Fe3Al have been successfully manufactured Some of them have been evaluted. It is expected that some intermetallic alloys will be produced in an industrial scale in the near future.

关键词: :intermetallic alloys , null , null , null

Theoretical studies of EPR parameters and microstructure of the rhombic Co2+-V-Ag centre in AgCl

Physica Status Solidi B-Basic Research

The perturbation formulae of EPR g-factors g(i) (i = x, y, z) and hyperfine constants Ai for a 3d(7) (Co2+) ion at a rhombic octahedral site in a crystal are established from a cluster approach. In these formulae, the contributions from the covalency effect, the configuration interaction and the rhombic crystal field are considered and the parameters used in the calculation of EPR parameters. except the core polarization constant x in the calculation of Al, can be estimated from the optical spectra and the structure data of the studied system. From these formulae, the EPR parameters g(i) and A(i) for the rhombic Co2+-V-Ag centre in AgCl are reasonably explained by considering suitable rhombic distortion and so the microstructure of this rhombic centre is obtained.

关键词: superposition model;crystals

Theoretical study of the electron paramagnetic resonance parameters and local structure for the tetragonal Ir(2+) centre in NaCl

Pramana-Journal of Physics

The electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) parameters (the g factors, hyperfine structure constants and the superhyperfine parameters) for the tetragonal Ir(2+) centre in NaCl are theoretically investigated from the perturbation formulas of these parameters for a 5d(7) ion in tetragonally elongated octahedra. This impurity centre is attributed to the substitutional [IrCl(6)](4-) cluster on host Na(+) site, associated with the 4% relative elongation along the C (4)-axis due to the Jahn-Teller effect. Despite the ionicity of host NaCl, the [IrCl(6)](4-) cluster still exhibits moderate covalency and then the ligand orbital and spin-orbit coupling contributions should be taken into account. In addition, the theoretical EPR parameters based on the Jahn-Teller elongation show good agreement with the observed values.

关键词: Electron paramagnetic resonance;crystal- and ligand-field theory;Ir(2+);NaCl;transition-metal ions;epr spectroscopic investigations;atomic;screening constants;nuclear double-resonance;magnetic-resonance;superposition model;silver-halides;spin-resonance;scf functions;complexes

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