材料期刊网

Thermal Characteristics of Gel Grown Lanthanum Heptamolybdate crystals

Sushma Bhat and P.N.Kotru(Dept. of Physics , Uuiversity of Jammu , Jammu -180 001 , India) M.L.Koul(Dept. of Chemistry , Uuiversity of Jammu , Jammu , India)

材料科学技术（英文）

Thermal characteristics of Ianthanum heptamolybdate crystals grown by gel technique, employing thermoanalytical techniques, viz. TG, DTA and DSC, are reported. It is established that the rare-earth lanthanum heptamolybdate crystals are associated with thirty water molecules;the composition being La2Mo7O24.3OH2O. It is shown that all the thirty water molecules associated with lanthanum heptamolybdate crystal are lost during its decomposition, leading to its anhydrous form. Results obtained on application of TG based models, viz. Horowitz-Metzger,Coats-Redfern and Piloyan-Novikova and of DSC based methods viz. Roger-Morris-Smith and Barret, regarding solid state reaction kinetics are also reported. The random nucleation model is shown to be the one that is relevant to the decomposition of lanthanum heptamolybdate. The kinetic parameters, viz.the order of reaction. frquency factor, energy of activation and entropy using above mentioned models are computed and shown to bear reasonably good agreement

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用DEPT135测定Resol的组成及微细结构参数

杨金瑞 , 余尚先 , 顾江楠

高分子材料科学与工程

通过对resol(羟甲基酚化合物和低分子量羟甲基酚树脂)DEPT135图谱的分析讨论,得到一系列计算resol微细结构参数的经验公式.根据DEPT135图谱可判断是否发生缩聚反应,根据经验公式可计算酚单体各个活性点参与反应百分率或酚羟基导入率、不同类型缩聚所占百分率及低分子量羟甲基酚树脂的平均核体数.

关键词: 羟甲基酚化合物 , 羟甲基酚树脂 , DEPT135 , 结构参数

FeMoB Enhanced Sintering of P/M 316L Stainless Steel

YANG Xia , GUO Shiju

钢铁研究学报(英文版)

Liquidphase enhanced sintering of powder metallurgy (P/M) 316L stainless steel by addition of sintering aids was studied. 2%-8% of prealloyed FeMoB powder with two different particle sizes was added as sintering aids, and the specimens were sintered in vacuum at 1 200-1 350 ℃. The results show that the fine FeMoB powder (5-10 μm) has stronger activated effect. The sintered density increases with the increase in sintering aid content or sintering temperature. Warm compaction has a better effect on the control of dimensional precision of compacts. The prealloyed FeMoB powder deviated from Mo2FeB2 component can also be sintering aid of P/M 316L stainless steel.

关键词: P/M 316L stainless steel;liquidphase sintering;activated sintering;FeMoB;sintering aid

试棒的w_0/l_0值对Zn-5%Al合金超塑性m-δ关系的影响

刘勤 , 裔式珙

材料研究学报

在250℃以■=0.025min~(-1)测到的Zn-5%Al 合金的超塑性m-δ曲线均属式。w_0/l_0值加大使m_0,m_L 和δ_F 值增大,但对δ_L 和m_F 值无大影响。试样厚度的加大(由1增大到2mm)仅使δ_L 和δ_F 值增大,考虑w_0/l_0比值的影响,C_3~((m_0-m_L))-(m_L=m_(mas))型C.L.m-δ方程式规划为:或其中,m′_0(W_0/l_0)=m_0,m′_0>m_0;m′_L(w_0/l_0)=m_L,m′_L>m。w_0/l_0=0.15—0.39。当w_O/l_0=1时,缺口效应消失,δ(或δ_F)值为最大。

关键词: Zn-5%Al合金 , mechanics of superplasticity , C.L.m-δequation

Metal-Free Heterogeneous Catalysis for Sustainable Chemistry

Chemsuschem

The current established catalytic processes used in chemical industries use metals, in many cases precious metals, or metal oxides as catalysts. These are often energy-consuming and not highly selective, wasting resources and producing greenhouse gases. Metal-free heterogeneous catalysis using carbon or carbon nitride is an interesting alternative to some current industrialized chemical processes. Carbon and carbon nitride combine environmental acceptability with inexhaustible resources and allow a favorable management of energy with good thermal conductivity Owing to lower reaction temperatures and increased selectivity, these catalysts could be candidates for green chemistry with low emission and an efficient use of the chemical feedstock This Review highlights some recent promising activities and developments in heterogeneous catalysis using only carbon and carbon nitride as catalysts The state-of-the-art and future challenges of metal-free heterogeneous catalysis are also discussed.

关键词: carbon;catalyst;heterogeneous catalysis;selectivity;sustainable;chemistry;graphitic carbon nitride;modified activated carbon;nanofiber/graphite-felt composite;ordered mesoporous carbons;oxygen;reduction reaction;nitrogen-doped graphite;fuel cell cathode;onion-like carbon;oxidative dehydrogenation;hydrogen-production

Ni64Al21V15沉淀过程DO22向L10(M=1)结构转变的微观相场模拟

常秀丽 , 王永欣 , 陈铮 , 张静 , 程立维

稀有金属材料与工程

基于微观相场模型,研究了Ni64Al21V15合金在1150 K时效过程中相结构演化.结合微观组织演化图像和各个格点上原子占位几率的演化,分析了DO22结构向L10 (M=1)结构转变机制.合金沉淀中期,在相界处析出L10(M=1)结构.研究发现,L10 (M=1)结构形成可分为3类:在DO22与L12相界处形核,沿[001]方向排列,向DO22相扩张;在DO22结构90°有序畴界处形核,沿[001]方向排列,向DO22扩张;在2个[100]向排列的DO22结构交界处形核,沿[100]方向排列,向DO22结构扩张.DO22相中,V主要占据β位,Ni主要占据α2和α3位,Al主要占据α1位;随后,V向α2位跃迁,在(002)面富聚且发生有序化,逐渐占据β和α2位,Ni原子发生面间跃迁,由α2位跃迁至α1位,逐渐占据α1和α3位,Al原子向相外扩散.DO22结构最终转变为高度有序的L10(M=1)结构.

关键词: 结构转变 , L10(M=1)结构 , 序参数 , Ni-Al-V合金 , 微观相场

SERS and Quantum Chemistry Studies of Adsorption of Thiourea and Ethylthiourea on Silver Electrode

Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica

Adsorption of thiourea (TU) and ethylthiourea( ETU) on roughened silver electrode was investigated using in situ surf. enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS) Using quantum chemistry and HSAB theories, the influences of electrode potential and the different substituent groups on SERS were disc i. TU is chemisorbed perpendicularly by Ag-S bond on silver at E = -0.3 V and adsorption of TU turns into a parallel orientation at E = -0.9 V. ETU is always chemisorbed at an angle from Ag. The adsorption of ETU is through and C=C and C=O groups at E = -0.3 V, and mainly through C=C at E = -0.9V.

关键词: Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy;Adsorption;Quantum chemistry;Thiourea;Inhibitor

LOCAL CHEMISTRY AND THE COHESIVE STRENGTH OF GRAIN BOUNDARIES IN Ni_3Al

Shanthi Subramanian , David Muller , John Silcox and Stephen L.Sass (Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Applied and Engineering Physics , Cornell University , Ithaca. NY 14853)

金属学报(英文版)

Local chemistry plays an important role in determining the cohesive strength of grain boundaries in Ni3Al. Doping with B increases the room temperature ductility and changes the fracture mode from intergranular to transgranular, while doping with Zr increases the ductility but leaves the fracture mode predominantly intergranular.Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy (EELS) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) were used to probe the changes in local bonding (and hence the cohesive strength) produced by changes in local chemistry at large angle boundaries in Ni3Al.In addition , small angle tilt boundaries were studied to correlate structure with Nienrichment at the interface. B segregation to Ni-rich grain boundaries was shown to make the bonding similar to that of the bulk, thereby increasing their fracture resistance. Ni-enrichment does not occur in the presence of Zr segregation to grain boundaries. Ni-enrichment to antiphase boundaries (APB) in small angle tilt boundaries lowers the APB energy by reducing the number of high energy Al-Al interactions across the interface. Ni-enrichment to large angle boundaries is expected to produce a similar effect on energy.

关键词: : grain boundary chemistry , null , null , null

异材焊接件A508/52M/316L在高温水环境中的应力腐蚀破裂

李光福李冠军方可伟彭君杨武张茂龙孙志远

金属学报 doi:10.3724/SP.J.1037.2011.00316

采用慢应变速率实验(SSRT)方法, 研究了先进的异材焊接件A508/52M/316L在模拟压水堆一回路290 ℃高温水环境中的应力腐蚀破裂(SCC)特性. 实验在-780 mV至+200 mV范围的电位下进行, 模拟一回路水化学从低O含H的理想低电位状态到溶解O$_{2}$明显超标的高电位状态的服役环境. 该焊接件显微组织和化学成分分布较复杂, 显著的变化发生在A508/52M和52M/316L 2个界面附近. 在SSRT拉伸试样的典型位置处加工了同样尺寸的尖锐缺口, 以模拟应力集中和加速实验, 并比较这些典型位置的SCC 敏感性. 结果表明, 当电位位于-780 mV至-300 mV范围时, SSRT试样总是以韧性断裂形式在镍基合金焊缝中部发生断裂. 当电位升到-200 mV至+200 mV范围时, 试样发生显著的SCC脆断, A508/52M界面区周围是该焊接件最脆弱的部位, 在该界面和附近的A508热影响区发生穿晶应力腐蚀破裂(TGSCC), 在紧邻界面的镍基合金焊缝薄层发生沿晶应力腐蚀破裂(IGSCC). 讨论了破裂机理和实验结果的工程意义.

关键词: 压水堆核电站 , primary water , dissimilar metal weld , stress corrosion cracking , electrode potential , water chemistry

异材焊接件A508/52M/316L在高温水环境中的应力腐蚀破裂

李光福 , 李冠军 , 方可伟 , 彭君 , 杨武 , 张茂龙 , 孙志远

金属学报 doi:10.3724/SP.J.1037.2011.00316

采用慢应变速率实验(SSRT)方法,研究了先进的异材焊接件A508/52M/316L在模拟H压水堆一回路290℃高温水环境中的应力腐蚀破裂(SCC)特性.实验在-780 mV至+200 mV范围的电位下进行,模拟一回路水化学从低O含H的理想低电位状态到溶解O2明显超标的高电位状态的服役环境.该焊接件显微组织和化学成分分布较复杂,显著的变化发生在A508/52M和52M/316L 2个界面附近.在SSRT拉伸试样的典型位置处加工了同样尺寸的尖锐缺口,以模拟应力集中和加速实验,并比较这些典型位置的SCC敏感性.结果表明,当电位位于-780mV至-300mV范围时,SSRT试样总是以韧性断裂形式在镍基合金焊缝中部发生断裂.当电位升到-200mV至+200 mV范围时,试样发生显著的SCC脆断,A508/52M界面区周围是该焊接件最脆弱的部位,在该界面和附近的A508热影响区发生穿晶应力腐蚀破裂(TGSCC),在紧邻界面的镍基合金焊缝薄层发生沿晶应力腐蚀破裂(IGSCC).讨论了破裂机理和实验结果的工程意义.

关键词: 压水堆核电站 , 一回路水环境 , 异材焊接件 , 应力腐蚀破裂 , 电位 , 水化学