Raphaë
,
l Pesci
,
Karim Inal
,
Renaud Masson
材料科学技术（英文）
Many tensile tests have been realized on the 16MnNiMo5 bainitic pressure vessel steel at low temperatures [-196℃,-60℃. The damaging processes (ductile/fragile) are observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM), while X-ray diffraction (XRD) is used to determine the internal/residual stresses within the ferritic phase during loading (in-situ) and after unloading: stress states are lower in ferrite than in the bulk material due to cementite particles, the difference never exceeding 150 MPa. A polycrystalline modelling with a two-level homogenisation is also developed concurrently with the experimental characterization. It correctly reproduces the stress distribution in each phase, the intergranular strain heterogeneity as well as the macroscopic fracture stress and strain in relation to temperature, considering a constant number of grains (7%) reaching an experimentally identified crystallographic criterion of cleavage.
关键词:
Internal stresses
,
null
,
null
,
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自兴发
,
杨培志
,
王海蓉
材料导报
具有黄铜矿结构的CuInSe2 (CIS)类薄膜太阳电池随着其转换效率的进一步提高,受到日益广泛的关注.相对于CIS材料,Cu(InAl) Se2(CIAS)具有更高的禁带宽度,可用比Ga合金更小的相对浓度来实现更可观的带隙,CIAS有望取代CIS成为薄膜太阳电池的新型材料.结合最新研究进展论述了CIAS薄膜材料的不同制备方法及合成机理,并讨论了目前CIAS太阳电池研究中存在的问题和今后的发展方向.
关键词:
CIAS
,
太阳电池
,
制备方法
