G. Ya
,
X.Y Zhang and Y. L. Du(State Key Laboratory for Corrosion and Protection
,
Institute of Corrosion and Protection of Metals
,
The Chinese Academy of Sciences
,
Shenyang 110015
,
China)(Applied Chemistry Division of Sciences Institute
,
Shenyang Polytechnic University
,
Shenyang 110023
,
China)
金属学报(英文版)
It was proposed how the concentration distribution was calculated in the treble lager wall of hgdrogenation reactor according to the principle of hydrogen diffusion at the steady state in this paper. Based on the steady hydrogen permeation current density i∞ measund with the hydrogen probe at a given temperature, the hydmpen concentrationson the key interfaces and hydrogen distribution at any given mdial profile in the single, double or treble layer wall of hydrogenation reactor could be found by applying the presented equations throoph suitable parmeters ioput. The theoretical bases were provided for developing the nondestructive probing technique of the concentration of atomic hydmpen in the wallS of hydrogenation reactors.
关键词:
hydrogen permeation
,
null
,
null
Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China
The influences of two kinds of casting modules of metal casting (MC) and expandable pattern casting (EPC) on the corrosion behavior of Mg-11Gd-3Y alloy were studied by electrochemical measurements, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation, X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. It is found that the quantity of the Mg(24) (Gd, Y)(5) phase in MC is more than that in EPC due to the cooling rate. There is more alloying element dissolved in the matrix compared with MC. For EPC, the galvanic corrosion effect between the matrix and the Mg(24) (Gd, Y)(5) phase decreases and the corrosion resistance increases compared with the MC. The chief corrosion mode for Mg-11Gd-3Y alloy is pitting corrosion because most of the alloying elements are transformed into intermetallic phases. The average corrosion rate of the MC alloy in the immersion test is five times higher than that of EPC alloy and yttrium is present in the product film, which will provide increased protection for Mg-11Gd-3Y alloy. The electrochemical measurements and immersion test show that the EPC process increases the corrosion resistance compared with the MC Mg-11Gd-3Y alloy.
关键词:
Mg-11Gd-3Y alloy;corrosion behavior;casting module;expandable pattern;casting;metal casting;az91 magnesium alloy;mechanical-properties;microstructure;resistance;metal;zr
M.Aliofkhazraei
,
P.Taheri
,
A.Sabour Rouhaghdam
,
Ch.Dehghanian
材料科学技术（英文）
A number of studies have been reported on the use of nanocrystalline plasma electrolytic nitrocarburising technology for surface hardening of stainless steels for higher corrosion resistance resulted from this technique. However, very few studies have focused on the optimization of the nanocrystalline plasma electrolytic nitrocarburising process parameters. In this study, a design of experiment (DOE) technique, the Taguchi method, has been used to optimize the nanocrystalline plasma electrolytic nitrocarburising not only for surface hardening but also for the corrosion protection of 316L austenitic stainless steel by controlling the coating process's factors. The experimental design consisted of four factors (Urea concentration, electrical conductivity of electrolyte, voltage and duration of process), each containing three levels. Potentiodynamic polarization measurements were carried out to determine the corrosion resistance of the coated samples. The results were analyzed with related software. An analysis of the mean of signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio indicated that the corrosion resistance of nanocrystalline plasma electrolytic nitrocarburised 316L stainless steel was influenced significantly by the levels in the Taguchi orthogonal array. The optimized coating parameters for corrosion resistance are 1150 g/L for urea concentration, 360 mS/cm for electrical conductivity of electrolyte, 260 V for applied voltage, 6 min for treatment time. The percentage of contribution for each factor was determined by the analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed that the applied voltage is the most significant factor affecting the corrosion resistance of the coatings.
关键词:
Nanocrystalline plasma electrolytic nitrocarburising
,
null
Yan NIU
,
Weitao WU and Chaoliu ZENG (State Key Lab. for Corrosion and Protection
,
Institute of Corrosion and Protection of Metals
,
Chinese Academy of Sciences
,
Shenyang 110015
,
China)F. Gesmundo and F. Viani (Instituto di Chimica
,
Facolta di Ingegneria
,
Un
材料科学技术（英文）
The corrosion of an Fe-based alloy containing 15 wt pct Y in H2-H2S mixtures under 10-3 Pa S2 was studied at 600~800℃ in an attempt to find materials with improved sulphidation resistance with respect to pure Fe. The presence of Y has been shown to be beneflcial, but not sufficient to the level expected. In fact, the alloy is able to form at all tested temperatures an external FeS layer, beneath which a zone containing a mixture of the two sulphides is also present. Thus,Fe can still diffuse through this region to form the outer FeS layer with non-negligible rate. The corrosion rate of Fe is considerably reduced by the Y addition. but the alloy corrodes still much more rapidly than Y. The sulphidation kinetics is generally rather irregular for both the pure metals, while the corrosion rate of the alloy decreases with time and tends to become parabolic after an initial period of 12~17 h. The sulphidation behaviour of the alloys is discussed by taking into account the presence of an intermetallic compound Fe17Y2 and the limited solubility of Y in Fe
关键词:
材料科学技术（英文）
The corrosion of an Fe-based alloy containing 15 wt pet Y in H-2-H2S mixtures under 10(-3) Pa S-2 was studied at 600 similar to 800 degrees C in an attempt to find materials with improved sulphidation resistance with respect to pure Fe. The presence of Y has been shown to be beneficial, but not sufficient to the level expected. In fact, the alloy is able to form at all tested temperatures an external FeS layer, beneath which a zone containing a mixture of the two sulphides is also present. Thus, Fe can still diffuse through this region to form the outer FeS layer with non-negligible rate. The corrosion rate of Fe is considerably reduced by the Y addition, but the alloy corrodes still much more rapidly than Y. The sulphidation kinetics is generally rather irregular for both the pure metals, while the corrosion rate of the alloy decreases with time and tends to become parabolic after an initial period of 12 similar to 17 h. The sulphidation behaviour of the alloys is discussed by taking into account the presence of an intermetallic compound Fe17Y2 and the limited solubility of Y in Fe.
关键词:
high-temperature sulfidation;most-reactive component;ni-nb alloys;h2-h2s mixtures;behavior;600-degrees-c-800-degrees-c;oxidation
Journal of the American Ceramic Society
gamma-Y(2)Si(2)O(7) is a promising candidate material both for high-temperature structural applications and as an environmental/thermal barrier coating material due to its unique properties such as high melting point, machinability, thermal stability, low linear thermal expansion coefficient (3.9 x 10(-6)/K, 200 degrees-1300 degrees C), and low thermal conductivity (< 3.0 W/m.K above 300 degrees C). The hot corrosion behavior of gamma-Y(2)Si(2)O(7) in thin-film molten Na(2)SO(4) at 850 degrees-1000 degrees C for 20 h in flowing air was investigated using a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and a mass spectrometer (MS). gamma-Y(2)Si(2)O(7) exhibited good resistance against Na(2)SO(4) molten salt. The kinetic curves were well fitted by a paralinear equation: the linear part was caused by the evaporation of Na(2)SO(4) and the parabolic part came from gas products evolved from the hotcorrosion reaction. A thin silica film formed under the corrosion scale was the key factor for retarding the hot corrosion. The apparent activation energy for the corrosion of gamma-Y(2)Si(2)O(7) in Na(2)SO(4) molten salt with flowing air was evaluated to be 255 kJ/mol.
关键词:
silicon-nitride;ceramics;solubility;sulfate;si3n4
Corrosion Science
The early stages of the evolution of atmospheric corrosion of carbon steels exposed in both a laboratory simulated and a natural atmosphere environment in Shenyang have been observed by in situ scanning electron microscopy. In the case of laboratory cyclic wet-dry tests, even though the chloride content level is very low, filiform corrosion is initiated in the early stage. The filiform corrosion grows in random directions, forming a network of ridges. White nodules nucleate and grow on the ridges during continued corrosion and eventually connect with each other to form the initial corrosion scale. Pits were also found on the surface beneath corrosion products. In the case of a natural atmospheric environment, both filiform corrosion and other localized corrosion, such as pitting and inter-granular attack take place in the initial stage. It is obvious that there is variety of localized corrosion in the initial stage of atmospheric corrosion. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
关键词:
steel;atmospheric corrosion;initial stage;localized corrosion;in-situ;iron;electrolyte;thickness
Applied Physics Letters
The effect of nonmagnetic Y partial substitution at the Dy site in Dy(1-x)Y(x)MnO(3) up to x=0.2 on magnetism, specific heat, and ferroelectricity is investigated, which resulted in a preliminary multiferroic phase diagram. It is revealed that the Y partial substitution suppresses the Dy-spin ordering point (T(Dy)) and ferroelectric ordering point (T(FE)) but enhances the Mn-spin ordering point (T(N)). The interaction between the spins of Dy and Mn is remarkably affected by Y substitution. The measured electrical polarization depends on the Y substitution in a complex way because the ferroelectricity is sensitive to the interaction between the spins of Dy and Mn. (c) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3536506]
关键词:
ferroelectricity;polarization
Materials Science & Engineering C-Biomimetic Materials Sensors and Systems
The bio-corrosion properties of Mg-Zn-Mn alloys with and without Y in Hank's solution at 37 degrees C were investigated by using electrochemical test and electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS). The results of open circuit potential (OCP) and polarization tests indicated that Y could reduce the cathodic current density. A passivative stage appeared in the Tafel curve of the Y containing magnesium alloy, indicating that a passivative film was formed on the surface of the Y containing magnesium alloy. EIS results showed that the Y containing alloy had higher charge transfer resistance and film resistance, but lower double layer capacity than the alloy without the Y element. The surface reaction product identification by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed that the surface corrosion products were hydroxide and phosphate (Mg(3)Ca(3)(PO(4))(4)) for Mg-Zn-Mn alloy and phosphate (MgNaPO(4)) for the Y containing Mg-Zn-Mn alloys. The XPS results also showed that a Y(2)O(3) protective film was formed on the surface of the Y containing magnesium alloy which contributed mainly to the low cathodic current density and the high resistance. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
关键词:
Magnesium alloy;Corrosion properties;Y(2)O(3);Electrochemical;impedance spectra;Biomedical materials;quasi-crystalline particles;in-vivo corrosion;magnesium alloys;mechanical-properties;microstructure;phase
