Z. Zhang
,
C. Cai
,
F.H. Cao
,
Z.N. Gao
,
J.Q. Zhang
,
C.N. Cao
金属学报(英文版)
The corrosion behavior of pure aluminum in neutral 3.0% (mass fraction) sodium chloride (NaCl) solution has been studied using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurement in conjunction with the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) technique. EIS information on the evolution of pitting corrosion over a period of 15 days has been obtained and analyzed with equivalent circuit technique. The results shown that, during the ensemble constant immersion time, two time constants involved, the high frequency one originated from the protective layer on the corroding surface while the low frequency one from the diffusion process or the corrosion reaction and so on. And there existed a period for oxide film to growth and thickening prior to the commencement of the attacking of chloride ions to the substrate. Meanwhile, good relationship between EIS and the material corrosion type / severity has been obtained, which has been interpreted according to the characteristics of corrosion process such as auto acceleration of pitting corrosion and the protection of local anodic reaction to the area around them.
关键词:
pure aluminum
,
null
,
null
王军朋
,
李凤
,
敖靖
,
焦丽娜
,
李春梅
,
陈志谦
无机材料学报
doi:10.15541/jim20140463
采用第一性原理计算研究了超硬材料z-BC2N的弹性各向异性性质、应力-应变关系、硬度及最小热导率性质.计算得到的晶体力学行为判据 B/G 为 0.87, 泊松比为 0.084, 普适弹性各向异性指数为 0.09992.[100]晶向上最大拉伸强度达到180 GPa,(100)[010]应变方向上最大剪切强度达到160 GPa,维氏硬度值为77.07 GPa.基于Cahill模型得到的最小热导率为6.811 W/(m·K).结果表明: z-BC2N是脆性材料且力学稳定性良好,有非常高的拉伸强度、剪切强度, 体弹模量为各向同性, 杨氏模量各向异性程度不大.z-BC2N 的最小热导率低于金刚石的最小热导率.
关键词:
超硬材料
,
弹性性质
,
各向异性
,
热导率
Liubing WANG
金属学报(英文版)
Tests under mechanical strain control were performed to investigate the TMF behavior of Z2CND18.12N within the temperature range between 150-550℃. Different strain amplitudes and phase-angles were applied. Total strain controlled low cycle fatigue test was also performed at the peak temperature of TMF cycling. The results show that the cyclic stress response of the material displayed an initial hardening regime followed by a saturation period and then cyclic softening till failure. The TMF cycling leads to the development of significant amounts of mean stress. Some life prediction models were employed to predict the TMF life of Z2CND18.12N, and the results indicate that the energy-based models provide good prediction on the thermal-mechanical fatigue behaviors of this material. An optical microscopic observation shows that the surface crack initiations and crack propagations are typically transgranular mode.
关键词:
Thermomechanical fatigue
程俊梅
,
张萍
,
于广水
,
赵树高
宇航材料工艺
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-2330.2009.06.016
在比表面积相近的情况下,探讨白炭黑(Z125)及碳黑(N234)对天然橡胶(NR)和溶聚丁苯橡胶(S-SBR)硫化胶的抗割口增长能力及动态力学性能的影响.结果表明,Z125和N234对NR和S-SBR两种硫化胶的增强效果相差不大;NR硫化胶的抗割口增长能力明显好于S-SBR硫化胶;NR中填充Z125的抗割口增长能力好于N234且随疲劳次数的增加Z125的优势更加明显,而S-SBR中填充N234的抗割口增长能力好于Z125且两者的抗割口增长速率基本不随疲劳次数的增加而改变;Z125使NR和S-SBR硫化胶在0℃和70℃下的tanδ值分别低于N234增强相应硫化胶.
关键词:
NR
,
S-SBR
,
白炭黑
,
炭黑
,
动态力学性能
,
抗割口增长能力
陈立志
,
张亚军
材料开发与应用
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-1545.2011.05.010
分别采用三点弯曲SE(B)与紧凑拉伸C(T)试样,通过-20℃的低温裂纹尖端张开位移CTOD断裂韧性试验及疲劳裂纹扩展速率da/dN试验,研究了S355N及S355N-Z25结构钢的裂纹启裂与扩展的抗力.研究结果表明:S355N钢抵抗裂纹启裂及前期扩展的能力比S355N-Z25钢强,但前者抵抗裂纹后期扩展的能力比后者弱；当应力强度因子范围,△K小于34.3MPa·√m时,S355N钢的疲劳抗力比S355N-Z25钢弱,当△K等于34.3MPa·√m时,两者具有相同的疲劳抗力,当△K大于34.3MPa·√m时,前者的疲劳抗力比后者强.研究结果对两种钢板在工程上应用及结构的安全评定提供了参考.
关键词:
S355N及S355N-Z25钢板
,
低温CTOD断裂韧性
,
疲劳裂纹扩展速率da/dN
,
裂纹启裂
,
裂纹扩展
,
抗力
Journal of Alloys and Compounds
A solid solution with formula (Y1-xTbx)(3)GaO6 (x = 0-0.5) was prepared by solid-state reaction method. Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) shows that Y3GaO6 is isostructural to Gd3GaO6 (Cmc2(1)), and the lattice parameters are a = 8.8364(1) angstrom, b = 11.0899(1) angstrom and c = 5.3937(1) angstrom. Atomic parameters were derived by Rietveld refinement of the XRD pattern. Photoluminescence (PL) spectra show a strong green emission of 543 nm from the D-5(4) -> F-7(5) transition of Th3+ at room and liquid nitrogen temperature. There is a wide saturation range of the PL intensity for the Th3+ content from x = 0.04-0.20, and a long life time about 1200 mu s for the green 543 nm emission at room temperature. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
关键词:
Y3GaO6;crystal structure;Tb3+ doped;photoluminescence;luminescence properties;dependence;y3al5o12;phosphor;ions;ce3+;tb-3;uv
刘亚男
,
王瑞霞
,
杨正坤
,
杜虹
,
姜一帆
,
申丛丛
,
梁况
,
徐安武
催化学报
doi:10.1016/S1872-2067(15)60985-8
随着科学技术的不断进步和经济的快速发展,人类对自然资源的需求量越来越大,在开发利用自然资源的同时,大量的有机污染物也随之进入自然环境.这些物质不仅污染环境、破坏生态,更对人类的生活和健康带来了巨大的威胁.研究证实,半导体光催化剂在光照条件下可以破坏有机污染物的分子结构,最终将其氧化降解成CO2、H2O或其它不会对环境产生二次污染的小分子,从而净化水质.近年来,有关光催化降解有机污染物的报道日益增多. ZnO作为一种广泛研究的光催化降解材料,因其无毒、低成本和高效等特点而具有一定的应用前景.但是ZnO较大的禁带宽度(3.24 eV)导致其只能吸收紫外光部分,而对可见光的吸收效率很小,极大地制约了其实际应用.除此之外, ZnO受光激发产生的电子-空穴分离效率较低、光催化过程中的光腐蚀严重也是制约其实际应用的重要因素.为了提高ZnO的光催化活性和稳定性,本文合成了用g-C3N4修饰的氧空位型ZnO(g-C3N4/Vo-ZnO)复合催化剂,在有效调控ZnO半导体能带结构的同时,通过负载一定量的g-C3N4以降低光生电子-空穴对的复合速率和反应过程中ZnO的光腐蚀,增强催化剂的光催化活性和稳定性.本文首先合成前驱体Zn(OH)F,然后焙烧三聚氰胺和Zn(OH)F的混合物得到g-C3N4/Vo-ZnO复合催化剂,并采用电子顺磁共振波谱(EPR)、紫外-可见光谱(UV-vis)、高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)等表征了它们的结构及其性质. EPR结果表明,ZnO焙烧后具有一定浓度的氧空位,导致其禁带宽度由3.24 eV降至3.09 eV,因而提高了ZnO对可见光的吸收效率. UV-vis结果显示, Vo-ZnO复合g-C3N4后对可见光的吸收显著增强. HRTEM和FT-IR结果均表明, g-C3N4纳米片和Vo-ZnO颗粒之间通过共价键形成了强耦合,这对g-C3N4/Vo-ZnO复合催化剂中光生载流子的传送和光生电子-空穴对的有效分离起到重要作用.可见光催化降解甲基橙(MO)和腐殖酸(HA)的实验进一步证明, g-C3N4/Vo-ZnO复合材料具有较好的光催化活性,优于单一的g-C3N4或Vo-ZnO材料.同时还发现, g-C3N4的负载量对光催化活性有显著影响,当氮化碳的负载量为1 wt%时,所制材料具有最高的光催化活性：可见光照射60 min后,MO降解率可达到93%, HA降解率为80%.复合材料光催化活性的增强一方面是因为氧空位的形成减小了ZnO的禁带宽度,使得ZnO对可见光的吸收能力大大增强；另一方面, g-C3N4和Vo-ZnO的能带符合了Z型催化机理所需的有效能带匹配,使得光生电子-空穴对得到了有效的分离,从而提高了光催化活性.降解MO的循环实验表明, g-C3N4/Vo-ZnO催化剂具有很好的稳定性且不容易发生光腐蚀.与此同时,我们对比了用不同方法制备的g-C3N4/ZnO材料的催化性能.结果显示,本文制备的g-C3N4/Vo-ZnO复合材料具有更好的降解效率.总体而言,对于降解有机污染物, g-C3N4/Vo-ZnO可能是一个更为有效可行的催化体系.此外,本文也为设计与制备其他新型光催化剂提供了一条新的思路.
关键词:
氧空位氧化锌
,
石墨化氮化碳
,
复合光催化剂
,
光降解
,
Z型
Journal of Solid State Chemistry
The crystal structures of a series of compounds with the composition Ln(3)GaO(6)(Ln = Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho and Er) synthesized by solid-state reaction at 1400degreesC are investigated. X-ray diffraction shows that Ln3GaO6 has a non-centro symmetric orthorhombic structure (space group Cmc2(1)). Lattice parameters a, b, c and cell volume and the average distances between Ln(l)-O, Ln(2)-O of these compounds decrease with the decreasing of the radii of trivalent Ln ions, which accord with the expected lanthanide contraction behavior. There are two sites of seven-fold coordination for Ln atoms with oxygens, and Ga atoms are in oxygen tetrahedra which are distorted and elongated along the a-axis. Magnetization measurements indicate that the susceptibility X changes with temperature in Curie-type manner. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
关键词:
Ln(3)GaO(6);crystal structure;Rietveld refinement;X-ray diffraction;garnets
Journal of Luminescence
Ln(3+) (Ln = Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, Er)-doped Y3GaO6 compounds were prepared by solid-state reaction, and their optical spectra such as absorption, photoluminescence, excitation and time-resolved spectra have been measured for Ln Nd, Sm, Dy, Ho, Er. X-ray powder diffraction shows that the lattice parameters of the compounds (Y(0.96)Ln(0.04))(3)GaO6 decrease with the decrease of the radii of trivalent Ln(3+) ions, indicating that Ln(3+) ions have substituted for y(3+) ions in the lattice. Optical spectra show that there are obvious absorptions at ultraviolet to visible region. The strong emissions in visible and infra-red region show that Y3GaO6 is a suitable host for rare-earth-doped laser crystal and phosphor materials. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
关键词:
crystal-field;absorption-spectra;luminescence;y3ga5o12;glasses;garnet;y2o3;ions;laf3;tb3
Journal of Solid State Chemistry
A serial of samples in Y2O3-Ga2O3-Tm2O3 pseudo-ternary system are prepared by solid-state chemical reaction method. The range of solid solution in (Y1-xTmx)(3)GaO6 is 0 < x < 0.384. Powder X-ray diffraction shows that the compounds crystallize in Gd3GaO6 (Cmc2(1))-type structure. The solid solubilities of Y3+xGa5-xO12 (x = 0-0.77) and Tm3+xGa5-xO12 (x = 0-0.62) are 37.5-47.11 at% Y2O3, and 37.5-45.26 at% Tm2O3, respectively. PL spectra of Tm-doped Y3GaO6 show that there is a sharp blue emission at similar to 456 nm from the D-1(2) -> F-3(4) transition at room temperatures with two lifetimes (similar to 5 and similar to 15 mu s) and a narrow saturation range of PL intensity for the Tm3+ content from x = 0.005 to 0.03. The sharp emission and long lifetime of (Y1-xTmx)(3)GaO6 indicate that Y3GaO6 is a potential phosphor and laser crystal host material. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
关键词:
Tm3+ -doped Y3GaO6;Y2O3-Ga2O3-Tm2O3 system;(Y1-xTmx)(3)Ga5O12 solid;solution;luminescence;crystal-structure;luminescence;phosphor;cations;ions;tb3
