材料期刊网

CHARACTERIZATION OF NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS BY ANALYTICAL ELECTRON MICROSCOPY

L.D. He , G.Y Zeng , X.Liu H.S. Hu , D.Song and L.Z.Cheng(Electron Microscope Laboratory Northeastern University Shenyang 110006 , ChinaManuscript received 20 July 1995 , in revised form 10 April 1996)

金属学报(英文版)

The analytical electron microscopy has been used to characterize the morphology,structure and composition of the nanostructured material of Sn- Bi alloy prepared by a modified electrohydrodynamic technique. The electron diffraction pattern and the corresponding contrast image for the discrete particles with a diameter smaller than 4 nm have been obtained.It is shown that the nanocrystalline Sn-Bi alloy particles comprise a single crystal of Bi-containing β-Sn solid solution or of Sn-containing Bi solid solution. A direct preparation procedure of the samples during the electrohydrodynamic rapid solidification process has been developed for electron microscopic observation.

关键词: :nanostructured material , null , null , null

Fractal growth and form by molecular dynamics

材料科学技术（英文）

The fractal growth and form is considered by molecular dynamics and simulated using computer.

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FORM AND EFFECT OF Zr IN CuCoBeZr ALLOY

LIU Hefa SUN Naizhen DAI Xueli REN He Zhenjiang Shipbuilding Institute , Zhenjiang , Jiangsu , ChinaLI Lijun Shanghai , Electrical Machinery Plant.Shanghai.China professor.Institute of Metallic Materials Research , Zhenjiang Shipbuilding Institute , Zhenjiang , Jiangsu 212003 , China

金属学报(英文版)

Precipitation form of Zr in CuCoBeZr alloy during solidificotion.cooling and final aging,as well as its effect on the high temperature properties have been studied and discussed.Results show that during solidificotion and cooding.Zr precipitates as fine particle.Cu_3Zr,which pre- vents X-Cu grains from growing and provides more nuclei for CoBe and hence leads to finer primary CoBe.Fine Cu_3Zr partrticles also precipitate during aging. Because Co_3Zr is difficult to coalesce at high temperatures,the recrystallization temper- uture increases and the high temperature mechanical properties improve.

关键词: CuCoBeZr alloy , null

Relationship between the existing form and inhibiting behavior of DDA on inhibiting interface

Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica

The relationship bettween the existing form and inhibiting behavior of dolecylamine(DDA) on amorphous alloy has been studied by electrochemical measurement, physical test and scanning tunneling microscopy. The experiment shows that there is different relationship between the inhibition concentration and inhibition percentage in different concentration scale. In w(DDA)=10(-6) similar to 10(-4) concentration range, the inhibition percentage increased strongly with the inhibitor concentration but the increase tendency of inhibition percentage became gently in 10(-4) similar to 10(-3) concentration scale. The adsorption isotherm formula fitting result shows that a typical mono-molecular layer of DDA was adsorbed on amorphous alloy during 10(-6) similar to 10(-4) concentration scale, without any effect from the neighbor inhibitor molecule, but in 10(-4) similar to 10(-3) range the force between the nearing neighbor inhibitor molecule decided the adsorption form. The result from STM and conductivity test indicats that the micelle had been formed when the concentration approached w(DDA)=2.3x10(-5), the protection effect DDA was prevented because of the forming of micelle.

关键词: dodecylamine;micelle;inhibiting mechanism

《中国腐蚀与防护学报》1996-2000年引文统计分析

张冬梅 , 赵美娣

中国腐蚀与防护学报

对《中国腐蚀与防护学报》在1996～2000年5年间出版的所 有论文的参考文献进行了统计，分析了引文量、引文类型、引文语种、高频被引的中外文期 刊、刊自引率、基金论文比、引文文献的半衰期、普赖斯指数等各个指标及从中所反映的论 文情况和刊物情况，并对刊物的今后发展提出了建议.

关键词: 中国腐蚀与防护学报 , citation statistics , citation analysis

含金三元合金系的研究进展(1996～2007年)

张康侯

贵金属 doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-0676.2008.02.011

评述了1996～2007年国际上对含金三元合金系相图、相变的研究进展.1996年以来,在主要国际专业刊物上发表了30多个三元金合金系相图的部分等温截面或纵截面,采用实验方法研究相图的工作占了绝大部分.在所研究的上述三元金合金系中,Au-Sn基合金系有11个,Au-Ag基合金系有6个,Au-Cu和Au-Sb基合金系各有4个,Au-Mn和Au-Si基合金系各有2个.这些合金系目前涉及到的主要应用领域为:钎焊材料、电触头材料、电子材料、磁性材料、形状记忆合金材料、金属离子源材料和喷丝头材料等.含金三元合金系的研究反映了当前对新型金合金功能材料的需求动向, 对指导促进相关新合金材料的开发有重要意义.

关键词: 金属材料 , 金合金 , 三元合金系 , 相图 , 进展

Electromagnetic confinement and shaping for plate-form p

Jun SHEN , Jianguo LI , Hengzhi FU , Junyi SU

材料科学技术（英文）

The relationship between melt shape, electromagnetic pressure and magnetic field is studied for electromagnetic confinement and shaping of plate-form part. The results of experimental observation and theoretical inference can be summarized as follows. As the melt thickness a is large enough, causing the ratio of plate thickness to current theoretic skin depth a/delta larger than 2.2, the electromagnetic pressure acting on melt can be simply expressed as P-m = B-2/2 mu, and the melt shape would be known only by measuring the distribution of magnetic flux density As a is small and makes the ratio a/delta less than 2.2, the melt shape and electromagnetic pressure for confining and shaping are determined not only by magnetic flux density B but also by melt thickness a, electromagnetic parameter mu gamma and current frequency f. In this paper, an equation used to calculate electromagnetic pressure acting on "thin plate-form melt" is brought forward. The equation gives a precise relationship between electromagnetic pressure factor p and melt thickness a, electromagnetic parameter mu gamma and current frequency f.

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Diffusion and existing form of water vapour in organic coatings

Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica

Absorption and desorption of water vapour in alkyd and polyurethane varnish were studied by quartz crystal microbalance(QCM). The absorption and desorption kinetics curves were Fickian in nature when the relative humidity was higher than 30%, while the solubility followed Henry's law. The average diffusion coefficient D increases linearly with relative humidity. A residual amount of water(about 10% of the equilibrium absorption amount under the condition of RH 100%) was found to remain in the coatings after extended exposure to dry air. FTIR analysis showed that the molecular structure of the coatings changed before absorption and after desorption of water vapour. The results showed that the residual water reacted with the coating molecule and H-bond was formed between water molecule and the C = O group. A considerable part of water in the coatings may transport in a chain mode by replacement. The rate of forming H-bond is much faster than that of diffusion. When the relative humidity is higher than 30%, the concentration of the water in the coatings is sufficient to support the reaction; diffusion is the controlling step of the absorption process, so the kinetics is Fickian. When the RH is lower than 30%, the concentration of the water in the coatings is not sufficient to support the reaction; the reaction rate is lowered to the degree that it is comparable to the rate of diffusion, then the kinetics of the whole process begin to deviate from Fick's law.

关键词: water vapour;organic coatings;diffusion;quartz crystal microbalance;(QCM);fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)

INVESTIGATION OF HYDROGEN INDUCED DUCTILE BRITTLE TRANSITION IN 7175 ALUMINUM ALLOY

金属学报(英文版)

桑危郑牛樱裕桑牵粒裕桑希巍。希啤。龋伲模遥希牵牛巍。桑危模眨茫牛摹。模眨茫裕桑蹋拧。拢遥桑裕裕蹋拧。裕遥粒危樱桑裕桑希巍。桑巍。罚保罚怠。粒蹋眨停桑危眨汀。粒蹋蹋希?##2##3##4##5INVESTIGATIONOFHYDROGENINDUCEDDUCTILEBRITTLETRANSITIONIN7175ALUMINUMALLOY$R.G.Seng:B.JZhong,MG.ZengandP.Geng(DepartmentofMaterialsScierce,ScienceCollege,NorthearsternUniveisity,Shenyang110006,ChinaMaruscriptreceived4September1995inrevisedform20April1996)Abstrac:Effectsofhydrogenonthemechanicalpropertiesofdifferentlyaged7175aluminumalloyswereinvestigatedbyusingcathodicH-permeation,slowstrainratetensionandsoon.Theresultsindicatethatboththeyieldstressandthepercentagereductionofareadecreasewithincreasinghydrogenchargingtime,andthedegreeofreductiondecreasesasagingtimeincreasesforthesamehydrogenchargingtime.Keywords:hydrogeninducedductile-brittletransition,7175aluminumalloy,mechanicalproperty,cathodicH-permeation1.IntroductionForalongtimehydrogenembrittlementproblemwasthoughttobeabsentinhighstrengthaluminiumalloybecausethesolutiondegreeofhydrogeninaluminumatcommontemperatureandpressureisverysmall.However,hydrogenembrittlementphenomenonwasfoundinaluminumalloyduringtheinvestigationofstresscorrosionandcorrosionfatigue[1-5].Therehavebeenonlyafewreportsofhydrogeninducedsofteningandhardening.Inthispaper,theeffectsofhydrogenonmechanicalpropertiesof7175aluminumalloywereinvestigatedbyusingcathodicalchargingwithhydrogenandslowtensiontests.2.ExperimentalProcedureTheexperimentalmaterialwas7175aluminumalloyforgingintheformofa43mminthicknessandwithcomposition(wt%).5.41Zn,2.54Mg.1.49Cu,0.22Cr,0.1Mn.0.1Ti,0.16Fe.0.11Si,balancedbyA1.Alloyplateof1.5mminthicknesswasobtainedbyhot(465℃)andtoldrollingto83%reductioninthickness.Thelongaxisofhydrogenchargedspecimensisalongtherollingdirection.Allspecimensweresolidsolutionedat480℃for70min,followedtyimmediatequenchinginwaterandthenagedat140℃for6h(A),16h(B)and98h(C).Thetreatmentof6hiscorrespondingtotheunderagedstate.16hthefirstpeak-agedstateand98hthesecondpeak-agedstate.Thespecimenswerepolishedsuccessivelyusingemerypaperbeforehydrogencharging.Thetensilespecimenswerecathodicallychargedina2NH_2SO_4solutionwithasmallamountofAs_2O_3forpromotinghydrogenabsorption,andwithacurrentdensityof20±1mA/cm￣2atroomtemperature.ThehydrogencontentanalysiswascarriedoutonanLT-1Amodelionmassmicroprobeafterthesputteringdepthreached8nm.Theioncurrentsofhydrogenandaluminuminvariousagedstateswererecordedunderthesamecondition.ThetensiletestswereperformedonanAG-10TAmodeltestmachinewhichwascontrolledbycomputer.3.ExperimentalResultsTheratioofioncurrentstrengthofhydrogentoaluminumisrelatedtohydrogenconcentrationinhydrogenchargedspecimen.TheresultswereshowninTable1Thehydrogencontentincreaseswiththeincreaseincharingtime.Ofthethreeagedstates,theunderagedspecimenhasthehighesthydrogencontent.Theratioofyieldstrengthofhydrogenchargedandunchargedspecimenschangeswithhydrogenchargingtime,asshowninFig.1Itcanbeseenthattheyieldstrengthofhydrogenchargedspecimendecreasewithincreasinghydrogenchargingtime.Atthesamechargingtime,theyieldstressdecreasestheleastinthesecondpeak-agedstate,anddecreasesthemostintheunderagedstate.Itindicatesthattheunderagedspecimenismostsensitivetohydrogeninducedsoftening,whichisconsistentwiththeresultsofanotherhighstrengthaluminumalloy[6].TherelativechangesoftheradioofreductionofareawithhydrogenchargingtimearesummarizedinFig.2,whereΨ￣0andΨ￣Harethepercentagereductionofareaofthesamplewithoutandwithhydrogenchargingrespectively.Theradioofreductionofareareduceswhenhydrogenchargingtimeincreases,andthedecreasingdegreeofreductionofareaincreaseswithincreasingagingtime,ie,,theunderagedstateisthemostsensitivetohydrogenembrittlement.4.DiscussionItisknownfromtheresultsabovethatcathodicalchargingwithhydrogenleadstotheobviousdecreaseinthetensilestrengthandplasticityThisisbecausealargeamountofsolidsolutionhydrogenentersthespecimenintheprocessofhydrogenchargingSolidsolutionhydrogenisliabletoenterthecentreofdislocationundertheactionofdislocationtrap,henceraisingthemovabilityofdislocation.Thereforethedislocationsinhydrogenchargedspecimenmoveeasierthaninunchargedspecimen.soresultinginthereductionofyieldstrength[7].Whendislocationstartstomove,thecrystallatticeresistance(P-Nforce)whichitmustovercomeisgivenby:whereμismodulusofshear,visPoissonratio,aisspanofslipplane,bisatomspanofslipdirection.Moreover.theotherresistanceofdislocationmotionmayarisefromtheelasticinteractionofdislocation,theactionwithtreedislocationandetc.,itcanbeexpressedasfollows:whereαisconstant,XisdislocationspanSotheresistanceofdislocationmotioncanbewrittenasfollows:Becausehydrogenatomsreducetheatombondingstrengthafterhydrogencharging,shearmodulusμdecreasesandresultsinthereductionoff,therebytheyieldstressdecreases.Asthecentreofdislocationistheseriousdistortionzoneoflattice.thestresscanberelaxedafterhydrogenatomstuffing,andthesystemenergydecreases.Thusthecentreofdislocationisastrongtrapofhydrogen[8].Therefore,amovabledislocationcaptureshydrogenandmigratestograinboundaries.phaseboundariesorsurfaceofthespecimen,promotingthecrackiesformationandgrowth,thuscausingthelossofplasticity.Sincethelocalenrichmentofhydrogenisrealizedbydislocationtransporting(inthestageofdeformation),thelargerthereductionofyieldstress.theearlierarehydrogenatomstransportedtotheplaceofenrichment.Inaddition,thedamageofatombondingstrengthinducedbyhydrogenmakesthefracturestressdecrease[9]:whereCHishydrogenconcentration.σ_thisfracturestrengthbeforehydrogenchargingandisfracturestrengthafterhydrogencharging.Eq.(4)showsthatthematerialsmaybefracturedatalowerstraini.e.,brittlefractureoccurs.5.Conclusions(1)Hydrogencontentofdifferentlyagedspecimensincreaseswithincreasinghydrogenchargingtimethecapabilityofthealloytoabsorbhydrogeninunderagedstateisthestrongest.(2)Theyieldstressaswellasthepercentagereductionofareaof7175aluminumalloydecreaseashydrogenchargingtimeincreasesundervariousagedstates.(3)Underagedstateismostsensitivetohydrogeninducedsofteningandhardening.(4)Anexplanationwasofferedforthephenomenonofhydrogeninducedsofteninginthestageofdeformation,andhardeninginthestageoffracture.REFERENCES｜｜1G.KKock,Corrosion35(1979)73.2M.K.TsengandH.LMarcus,Scr.Metall.15(1981)427.3PSFao.M.GaoandR.P.Wei,Scr.Metall.19(1985)265.4R.G.SongandM.K.TsengJ.NortheasternUniversity15(1994)5(inChinese).5R.K.Viswanadham,T.S.sunandJ.A.S.Green,Metall.Trans.11A(1980)85.6J.Liu,M.KTsengandB.R.Liu.NonferrousMiningandMetallrgy5(1989)33(inChinese).7LChen,WXChen,ZHLiuandZ.Q.Hu,InFrocofthe1stNationalConfonAl-LiAlloys(Sheryang.China,1991)p.328(inChinese).8Z.HLiuL.ChenW.XChenY.X.ShaoandZ.Q.Hu,InProc.ofthe1stNationalConfonAl-LiAlloys(Shenyang,China,1991)p.334(inChinese).9R.A.OrianiandF.H.Josephic,ActaMetall.22(1974)1065.##61G.KKock,Corrosion35(1979)73.2M.K.TsengandH.LMarcus,Scr.Metall.15(1981)427.3PSFao.M.GaoandR.P.Wei,Scr.Metall.19(1985)265.4R.G.SongandM.K.TsengJ.NortheasternUniversity15(1994)5(inChinese).5R.K.Viswanadham,T.S.sunandJ.A.S.Green,Metall.Trans.11A(1980)85.6J.Liu,M.KTsengandB.R.Liu.NonferrousMiningandMetallrgy5(1989)33(inChinese).7LChen,WXChen,ZHLiuandZ.Q.Hu,InFrocofthe1stNationalConfonAl-LiAlloys(Sheryang.China,1991)p.328(inChinese).8Z.HLiuL.ChenW.XChenY.X.ShaoandZ.Q.Hu,InProc.ofthe1stNationalConfonAl-LiAlloys(Shenyang,China,1991)p.334(inChinese).9R.A.OrianiandF.H.Josephic,ActaMetall.22(1974)1065.##A##BINVESTIGATION OF HYDROGEN INDUCED DUCTILE BRITTLE TRANSITION IN 7175 ALUMINUM ALLOY$$$$R.G.Seng: B.J Zhong, MG. Zeng and P. Geng(Department of Materials Scierce, Science College,Northearstern Univeisity, Shenyang 110006, China Maruscript received 4 September 1995 in revised form 20 April 1996)Abstrac:Effects of hydrogen on the mechanical properties of differently aged 7175 aluminum alloys were investigated by using cathodic H-permeation, slow strain rate tension and so on. The results indicate that both the yield stress and the percentage reduction of area decrease with increasing hydrogen charging time, and the degree of reduction decreases as aging time increases for the same hydrogen charging time.

关键词: :hydrogen induced ductile-brittle transition , null , null , null

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Two-phase TiAl Alloys in Lamellar Form

Masaharu Yamaguchi and Haruyuki Inui(Department of Metal Science and Technology , Kyoto University , Sakyo-ku , Kyoto 606 , Japan)

材料科学技术（英文）

In two-phase TiAl alloys, the lamellar structures are of special interest and importance since they are so common and persistent. not only under as-cast conditions but also after thermal treatment. However. the lamellar structures are still poor in ductility,although they are beneficial for toughness and high temperature strength. This article will review the recent progress made in understanding the basic mechanical properties of the γ and α2 phases which comprise the two-phase alloys in Iamellar form, and discuss how an improved balance of strength and ductillty in the lamellar form may be achieved

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