WADSWORTH Jeffrey and FLUSS Michael(Chemistry and Materials Science Directorate
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Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
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Livermore
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CA 94551)
金属学报(英文版)
The role of the National Laboratories is summarized from the era of post World War II to the present time. The U.S. federal government policy for the National Laboratories and its influence on their materials science infrastructure is reviewed with respect to .determining overall research strategies, various initiatives to interact with industry (especially in recent years),building facilities that serve the nation, and developing leading edge research in the materials sciences. Despite reductions in support for research in the U.S. in recent years, and uncertainties regarding the specific policies for Research &Development (R&D) in the U.S., there are strong roles for materials research at the National Laboratories. These roles will be centered on the abilities of the National Laboratories to field multidisciplinary teams, the use of unique cutting edge facilities, a focus on areas of strength within each of the labs,increased teaming and partnerships, and the selection of motivated research areas. It is hoped that such teaming opportunities will include new alliances with China, in a manner similar, perhaps, to those recently achieved between the U.S. and other countries.
关键词:
: U.S. Materials Science. U.S. National Laboratories and Facilities
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null
Corrosion Science
The early stages of the evolution of atmospheric corrosion of carbon steels exposed in both a laboratory simulated and a natural atmosphere environment in Shenyang have been observed by in situ scanning electron microscopy. In the case of laboratory cyclic wet-dry tests, even though the chloride content level is very low, filiform corrosion is initiated in the early stage. The filiform corrosion grows in random directions, forming a network of ridges. White nodules nucleate and grow on the ridges during continued corrosion and eventually connect with each other to form the initial corrosion scale. Pits were also found on the surface beneath corrosion products. In the case of a natural atmospheric environment, both filiform corrosion and other localized corrosion, such as pitting and inter-granular attack take place in the initial stage. It is obvious that there is variety of localized corrosion in the initial stage of atmospheric corrosion. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
关键词:
steel;atmospheric corrosion;initial stage;localized corrosion;in-situ;iron;electrolyte;thickness
WANG Lei
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GAO Cai-ru
钢铁研究学报(英文版)
Thermal mechanical control processing (TMCP), the combination of controlled rolling and controlled cooling, provides a powerful means of developing high-strength low alloy (HSLA) steels by intensive microstructural control. In the present investigation, the effects of TMCP parameters, consisting of the finish cooling temperature and the start rolling temperature in non-recrystallization region, on the final microstructure and mechanical properties of Q460q steel have been studied by tensile, Charpy impact tests, optical microscopy. The TMCP parameters for Q460q steel have been optimized by laboratory experiments. And the microstructure and properties of industrial product were coincident with the results of laboratory experiments.
关键词:
;TMCP;mechanical properties;M/A constituent;Q460q steel
LI Zhuang
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WU Di
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L Huisheng
钢铁研究学报(英文版)
The effect of thermomechanical processing (TMP) on the mechanical properties of hot rolled multiphase steel was investigated. TMP was conducted using a laboratory hot rolling mill, in which three different kinds of finish rolling deformation degrees and temperatures were applied. The results indicate that polygonal ferrite, granular bainite, and a considerable amount of stabilized retained austenite can be obtained by TMP. The stability of the retained austenite increases with decreasing finish rolling temperature and increasing finish rolling deformation degrees. Ultimate tensile strength (σb), total elongation (δ), and the product of ultimate tensile strength by total elongation (σb·δ) for 50% reduction at finish rolling temperature of 700 ℃ reach maximum values [791 MPa, 36% and 28 476 (MPa·%), respectively].
关键词:
hot rolled multiphase steel;finish rolling deformation degree;finish rolling temperature;retained austenite;mechanical property
LI Jie Jian-Hong MA Yu-Lai GAO Qi-jie ZHAI
钢铁研究学报(英文版)
A new approach of applying the Electric Current Pulse (ECP) with parallel electrodes to promotion of the transition from columnar to equiaxed crystals and improvement of macrosegregation was introduced. And the experiments of application of ECP in the different stage of solidification have been carried out. The results show that applying ECP in both the initial and the late stage of solidification can promote the columnar to equiaxed transition (CET). Analysis shows that during solidification application of ECP induce a large number of nuclei around the upper surface, which subsequently showers down into the melt and impinges growth front of the columnar crystal. Therefore the CET occurs. In addition, this method is also employed to influence the solidification processing of bearing steel, the results show that the structrue is changed from columnar to equaixed, indicating that ECP can enhance the homogeneity of structure and composition of bearing steel.
关键词:
columnar to equiaxed transition;casting solidification;electric current pulse;macrosegregation
Author S.T. TU
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J.M. Gong and X. Ling Nanjing University of Chemical Technology
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Nanjing 210009
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ChinaManuscript received 18 October 1998
金属学报(英文版)
In order to interpret the test results of crossweld specimens for application in practical welded components, the present paper studies the high temperature behavior of laboratory cross weld specimens in terms of the uniaxial material tests and numerical simulations. It is found that the crossweld specimen may be used for the high temperature strength assessment, but can hardly be used for life assessment of the practical welded components, which depends on the loading conditions of the components.
关键词:
high temperature
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null
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null
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null
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Sen YANG
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Yunpeng SU
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Wenjin LIU
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Weidong HUANG
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Yaohe ZHOU
材料科学技术（英文）
The detailed laser surface remelting experiments of Cu-31.4 wt pct Mn and Cu-26.6 wt pct Mn alloys on a 5 kW CO2 laser were carried out to study the effects of processing parameters (scanning velocity, output power of laser) on the growth direction of microstructure in the molten pool and cellular spacing selection under the condition of ultra-high temperature gradient and rapid directional solidification. The experimental results show that the growth direction of microstructure is strongly affected by laser processing parameters. The ultra-high temperature gradient directional solidification can be realized on the surface of samples during laser surface remelting by controlling laser processing parameters, the temperature gradient and growth velocity can reach 106 K/m and 24.1 mm/s, respectively, and the solidification microstructure in the center of the molten pool grows along the laser beam scanning direction. There exists a distribution range of cellular spacings under the laser rapid solidification conditions, and the average spacing decreases with increasing of growth rate. The maximum, λmax, minimum, λmin, and average primary spacing, , as functions of growth rate, Vb, can be given by, λmax=12.54 , λmin=4.47 , =9.09 , respectively. The experimental results are compared with the current Hunt-Lu model for rapid cellular/dendritic growth, and a good agreement is found.
关键词:
Laser surface remelting
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null
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null
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