WU Tong
,
CHENG Su-sen
钢铁研究学报(英文版)
Copper staves have been equipped on nearly all of BF (blast furnaces) with volume over than 1000 m3 in China since their introduction from abroad about more than 10 years ago. Because of short application and lack of experience, phenomena of thickened or naked of copper stave happen occasionally which influence production severely. So it is important to study the model of forming-accretion on BF copper stave and realize real-time monitoring of forming-accretion on different copper staves. Therefore, mathematic model of calculating accretion thickness by heat flow of BF is proposed, and the calculated results indicate that accretion thickness could be kept at a reasonable range of around 50 mm by controlling heat flux around 22.0 kW/m2. The monitoring program based on the model was applied to a certain BF in China successfully, and it is found that slip of BF near the inner wall is one of most important reasons that cause fluctuation of accretion thickness. During the period of scheduled maintenance of the certain BF, the thickness of accretion measured through the static pressure holes is in good accordance with the value calculated by the monitoring program, so the results calculated by the monitoring program can be used to guide industrial production.
关键词:
blast furnace
,
copper stave
,
forming-accretion
,
monitor
,
industrial application
吴桐，程树森
钢铁
从铜冷却壁引进到目前的短短十几年间，中国大于1000m3的高炉，在炉腰炉腹和炉身下部已普遍使用铜冷却壁。由于使用时间短，铜冷却壁热面裸露和结瘤频繁，严重影响生产。企业迫切需要知道何种操作因素控制铜冷却壁的渣皮脱落。目前，一些钢厂通过调整冷却水量和冷却水温度来实现挂渣稳定性和挂渣厚度控制，但往往收效甚微,为此建立了炉墙传热数学模型。研究结果表明：在适当范围内，调节水温或水速对挂渣厚度影响甚微;影响挂渣厚度最主要的因素是边缘煤气温度和冷却壁热负荷;根据铜冷却壁边缘煤气流对挂渣厚度的影响，将其分成剧变区、渐变区、缓变区和微变区。鞍钢，唐钢，武钢等钢厂高炉生产实践证实了上述结果的正确性。研究结果澄清了影响铜冷却壁挂渣厚度的一些模糊认识，对铜冷却壁高炉生产有重要的指导意义。以炉墙传热模型为基础开发的挂渣厚度在线监测系统已成功应用于国内某钢厂高炉，并经过实测检验，为铜冷却壁操作提出了35～58kW/m2的热负荷控制标准。
关键词:
高炉
,
copper stave
,
forming-accretion thickness
,
peripheral gas flow temperature
