Y.T. Xi
,
D.X. Liu
,
D. Han
,
Z.F. Han
,
null
,
null
,
null
,
null
金属学报(英文版)
A series of experiments were carried out to study the influence of low temperature plasma nitriding on the mechanical properties of AISI 420 martensitic stainless steel. Plasma nitriding experiments were carried out for 15 hours at 350℃ by means of DC-pulsed plasma with 25%N2+75%H2 gas. The microstructure, phase composition and residual stresses profiles of the nitriding layers were determined by optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The microhardness profiles of the nitriding surfaces were also studied. The fatigue life, sliding wear and erosion wear loss of the untreated specimens and plasma nitriding specimens were determined on the basis of a rotating bending fatigue tester, a ball-disk wear tester and a solid particle erosion tester. The results show that the 350℃ nitriding surface is dominated by -Fe3N and , which is supersaturated nitrogen solid solution. They have high hardness and chemical stabilities. So the low temperature plasma nitriding not only increases the surface hardness values but also improves the wear and erosion resistance. In addition, The fatigue limit of AISI 420 steel can also be improved by plasma nitriding at 350℃， because plasma nitriding produces residual compressive stress inside the modified layer.
关键词:
Martensitic stainless steel
,
stainless
,
steel
,
Plasma
,
nitri
Yang XU
,
Yaohui GUAN
,
Zhongyu ZHENG
材料科学技术（英文）
The friction and wear properties of plasma-sprayed nanostructured FeS coating were investigated on an MHK-500 friction and wear tester under both oil lubrication and dry friction condition. The microstructure, worn surface morphology and phase composition of the coating were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). It was found that the coating was mainly composed of FeS, a small quantity of Fe1-xS and oxide were also found. The coating was formed by small particles of 50~100 nm in size. The thickness of the coating is approximately 150 μm. The friction-reduction and wear-resistance properties of plasma-sprayed nanostructured FeS coating were superior to that of GCr15 steel substrate. Especially under oil lubrication condition, the friction coefficient of nanostructured FeS coating was 50% of that of GCr15 steel, the wear scar widths of the coating were also reduced to nearly 50% of that of GCr15 steel under high load. The failure of the coating was mainly attributed to plastic deformation under both oil lubrication and dry friction condition.
关键词:
Plasma spray
,
spray
,
Nanostructured
,
FeS
,
Frictio
Chuansong WU
,
Jinqiang GAO
材料科学技术（英文）
Achieving an effective utilization and exploitation of TIG welding arcs require a thorough understanding of the plasma properties and its physical processes. Through simultaneous solutions of the set of conservation equations for mass, momentum, energy and current, a mathematical model has been developed to predict the velocity, temperature, and current density distributions in argon welding arcs. The predicted temperature fields in arc regions, and the distribution of current density and heat flux at the anode agree well with measurements reported in literatures. This work could lay the foundation for developing a comprehensive model of the TIG welding process where a dynamic, two-way coupling between the welding arc and the weld pool surface is properly represented.
关键词:
Welding
,
null
,
null
,
null
刘耀东
,
黄鑫
,
王伟平
,
虞文魁
,
李磊
膜科学与技术
doi:10.16159/j.cnki.issn1007-8924.2015.04.007
利用低温等离子体技术在用于膜式人工肺的聚砜(PSf)中空纤维膜表面接枝丙烯酸(AA)和肝素,通过改性以提高膜材料的血液相容性.通过改性前后膜的接触角及接枝率测试结果比较,得出优化的改性条件,即选用氩气(Ar)作为等离子体气源,处理功率为40 W及处理时间为60s.改性后膜材料对牛血清白蛋白(BSA)及血小板黏附量显著减少.此外模拟人工肺进行气液双侧传输测试的结果表明,改性后膜材料保持了初始膜优良的气体传输性能,基本符合常见临床膜式人工肺标准.
关键词:
聚砜中空纤维膜
,
人工肺
,
等离子体改性
,
肝素钠
,
血液相容性
倪昕晔
,
汤晓斌
,
林涛
,
赵全娣
,
耿长冉
,
蔡雷铭
,
顾卫东
,
缪云良
,
陈达
新型炭材料
为了提高等离子喷涂法所制羟基磷灰石涂层与炭/炭复合材料的结合力,采用氩气等离子体预处理结合等离子体喷涂法在炭/炭基体表面制备羟基磷灰石涂层,采用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、红外光谱仪、划痕仪等研究羟基磷灰石涂层的形貌、相组成以及羟基磷灰石涂层与基体的结合力.结果表明:采用或不采用等离子体处理炭/炭复合材料,羟基磷灰石涂层形貌和相组成接近,羟基磷灰石涂层的临界载荷分别为14.0 N、8.9N,前者比后者临界载荷提高了57.3％.采用等离子体处理可提高等离子体喷涂羟基磷灰石涂层与炭/炭复合材料基体的结合力.
关键词:
炭/炭复合材料
,
氩气
,
等离子
,
羟基磷灰石
罗正维
,
江晖
,
胡龙志
,
李丹
,
耿文华
,
韦萍
催化学报
doi:10.1016/S1872-2067(14)60143-1
研究了N2/Ar介质阻挡放电处理对负载CuO的TiO2可见光光催化活性的影响.采用X射线衍射、紫外-可见分光吸收光谱、透射电镜、X射线光电子能谱和电子自旋共振进行了表征,详细考察了等离子改性参数包括气氛组成、处理时间和处理功率对改性效果的影响,并通过降解甲基橙溶液考察了可见光光催化活性.结果表明,最佳等离子处理条件为N2与Ar比例为8：2,处理时间为20 min,放电电流为1.0 A.最后,使用改性后的光催化剂对模拟含汞废水进行了处理.
关键词:
二氧化钛
,
等离子体
,
改性
,
氮掺杂
,
汞
梁士金
,
新型炭材料
对渗气阴极真空电弧法制备的四而体非晶炭(ta-c)膜实施氧等离子体刻蚀,消除其表面石墨层后,发现:原沉积膜中ta-C石墨表层的消除会影响其受激电子的石墨建序化.应用发射电子能耗谱,表面增强拉曼光谱和表面敏化X光吸收光谱等测量方法,测定了其表层的淌除(程度).样品的氧等离子体刻蚀阻迟了受激电子的石墨化作用,可能归因于多相成核过程中石墨晶核的缺失之故.
关键词:
炭膜
,
表面
,
等离子体
,
石墨化
刘昌俊
,
李敏悦
,
王嘉琪
,
周昕瞳
,
郭秋婷
,
严金茂
,
李英芝
催化学报
doi:10.1016/S1872-2067(15)61020-8
催化在现代化工生产中正发挥非常重要的作用.在未来催化甚至会扮演更重要的角色.然而,现有的催化剂制备方法会对空气、水和土地造成污染.这些污染主要来源于催化剂制备过程中会用到的各种有害化学品.而且,现有催化剂制备过程耗时长、耗能高、用水量大.这些都不符合绿色化学原则.因此,开展催化剂绿色制备研究十分必要.这一研究的长远目标是避免或者消除催化剂制备过程每一环节产生的污染,降低每一环节的能耗和物耗,缩短制备时间,减少劳动强度.显然,这并不是一个容易达成的目标.因此,朝着上述长远目标的任何进展,无论是小进展还是大进展,都将有助于最终实现催化剂的绿色制备.我们总结了气体放电冷等离子体在催化剂绿色制备方面的最新进展,特别强调了非氢冷等离子体在催化剂制备中的应用.冷等离子体是一种能在室温附近操作的非平衡等离子体,是对气体施加一定电压(数百至上万伏特;具体电压值取决于气体压力)形成的.冷等离子体制备方法可以在少用或者不用有害化学品的基础上,有效减小催化剂粒径、增加催化剂分散度、提高催化剂和载体的相互作用等.这些改进同时能进一步提高催化剂的活性和稳定性.相对于常规热化学制备催化剂,冷等离子体制备的显著区别在于:冷等离子体在室温或者略高于室温条件下操作,可以有效避免热化学方法存在的缺点.冷等离子体方法利用其富含的高能物质(如电子)快速促进催化剂前驱体分解,从而实现催化剂快速成核.由于低温操作,其晶体生长速度受到限制,催化剂分散性得以提高.研究表明,以非氢等离子体作为电子源的室温电子还原能够有效还原贵金属离子.这个过程中既不需要有害化学还原剂也不需要氢还原.这为以热敏材料和化学不稳定物质作为基底的负载型催化剂制备创造了条件.这些热敏材料包括金属有机骨架材料(MOF)、共价有机骨架材料(COF)、高比表面积的碳、多肽、DNA和蛋白质等等.这个室温电子还原还被用于制备能在水面或其它溶液表面上漂浮的催化剂,对发展新型催化剂有很大帮助.此外,使用冷等离子体还可以进行低温模板脱除,以避免高温分解可能出现的烧结问题,在保证催化剂高比表面积的同时获得只有在高温分解才能得到的结构特征.研究表明,可以使用冷等离子体诱发微燃烧以除去炭模板,可以有效减少炭模板法制备氧化物结构材料所需要的化学品.冷等离子体方法在催化剂制备中的应用刚刚开始,尚有大量研究还有待于开展(如多金属氧化物制备等),存在大量研发机会.可以预期,冷等离子体在催化剂绿色制备与应用中将发挥更重要的作用.
关键词:
催化剂制备
,
等离子体
,
绿色化学
,
多孔材料
