生海
,
董超芳
,
肖葵
,
李晓刚
金属学报
doi:10.3724/SP.J.1037.2011.00692
采用毛细管微电极测试方法、扫描Kelvin探针技术和数值分析方法,对2024-T351高强铝合金裂纹尖端在3.5NaCl溶液中的微区电化学特性和腐蚀行为进行了研究. 结果表明, 裂纹尖端的腐蚀电位较远离裂纹尖端的基体位置更负, 裂纹尖端处的电化学活性明显增加. 在外加应力的作用下,裂纹尖端处表面氧化膜的厚度减薄, 其稳定性和保护性变弱. 裂纹尖端处优先发生阳极溶解, 浸泡24 h后在裂纹尖端处出现腐蚀产物的堆积.由于腐蚀电位和电化学活性的差异, 在裂纹尖端(阳极)和远离裂纹尖端的基体(阴极)之间可形成电偶对, 进一步促进裂纹尖端局部区域内腐蚀过程的进行.
关键词:
2024-T351铝合金
,
microcapillary
,
scanning Kelvin probe (SKP)
,
localized electrochemistry
,
crack tip
YAO Kefu TANG Naiyong CHEN Nanping Tsinghua University
,
Beijing
,
China [Originally published in ACTA METALL SIN(CHINESE EDN)25(3)1989 pp A213—A218
,
Ph.D.Student
,
Dept.of Materials Sci.and Eng.
,
Tsinghua University
,
Beijing
,
China
金属学报(英文版)
The development of dislocation structures in the plastic zone ahead of a crack tip has been in- vestigated in a duplex stainless steel during in-situ deformation experiments in a scanning transmission electron microscope.It was found that the dislocation distribution was significantly different in the ferrite and in the austenite.In the ferrite grains,the dislocations emitted by the crack tip may cross-slip out of the original slip planes and form a broad plastic zone.However,in the austenite,the dislocation free zone is small and the dislocations emitted by the crack pile up in its slip plane.The selection of slip systems at the crack tip depends on the crack tip Schmid factors in both phases.But after large deformation,the selection of the second slip systems at the craek tip in austenite does not depend on the Schmid factors.
关键词:
crack tip
,
null
,
null
,
null
YAO Kefu University of Science and Technology Beijing
,
Beijing
,
ChinaTANG Naivong CHEN Nanping Tsinghua University
,
Beijing
,
China
金属学报(英文版)
The thin foil specimen of a ferrite-austenite duplex stainless steel was tensiled under transmis- sion electron microscope(TEM).It was found that both in ferrite and austenite the local deformation band at crack tip was formed near to the crack propagating direction.Its forma- tion was related with the crack tip Schmid factor,dislocation shielding,latent hardening and hardening coefficient.When the crack tip emitted dislocations to a slip system by the action of pure mode Ⅱ stress resolute,and the decreasing rate of hardening coefficient was suitable,lo- cal deformation band was easy to form.
关键词:
crack tip
,
null
,
null
XU Yongbo HA Kuanfu WANG Zhongguang YANG Chunsong DAI Zhongling Laboratory for Fatigue and Fracture of Materials
,
Institute of Metal Research
,
Academia Sinica
,
Shenyang
,
110015
,
China.Jilin University
,
Changchun
,
130023
,
China.To whom correspondence should be add
材料科学技术（英文）
An investigation has been made of the disloca- tion distribution and dislocation free zone near the crack tip in bulk Fe-3% Si single crystal during deformation in SEM.It has been found that a number of dislocations were emitted from the crack tip during deformation.After that,the dislocations moved rapidly away from the crack tip,which indi- cated that they were strongly repelled by the stress field at the crack tip.Between the crack tip and the plastic zone there is a region of dislocation-free, which is referred to as dislocation-free zone (DFZ). The length of DFZs is roughly estimated 100 μm which is much longer than that found in thin foil specimen.The variation of dislocation density as a function of the distance from the crack tip was measured,which showed that the dislocations are inversely piled up in the plastic zone.The length of DFZs increased with both the length of pre-crack and the amplitude of applied stress.
关键词:
dislocation
,
null
,
null
,
null
卞平艳
,
赵波
,
李瑜
人工晶体学报
针对超声激励对ZTA陶瓷压痕裂纹的影响进行试验研究,从力学角度探究其延性域加工表征的相关机理.通过超声激励作用下的压痕试验及SEM显微观察,对比普通与超声压痕裂纹尖端扩展情况,提出超声激励改变裂纹尖端的几何形态,使得裂纹扩展偏转分叉,而扩展路径的复杂化使得断裂表面能增加,形成能量耗散的增韧机制.经压痕法测得普通情况下的断裂韧性值低于超声振动下的断裂韧性值,约为68％ ～85％.既印证了超声激励的增韧效果,也从力学理论角度解释了超声加工工程陶瓷材料延性域扩大这一现象.
关键词:
超声激励
,
ZTA陶瓷
,
裂纹尖端
,
增韧
,
断裂韧性
杨富强
,
薛河
,
赵凌燕
,
方秀荣
稀有金属材料与工程
在高温水环境中,应力会提高镍基合金裂纹尖端的阳极溶解速率并加速裂纹扩展.采用弹塑性有限元方法,对高温水环境中镍基合金裂纹尖端应力和电化学腐蚀的关系进行研究.分析了应力强度因子对模拟高温水环境中600合金1T-CT试样裂纹尖端表面电化学腐蚀电位的影响,并讨论了弹性变形和塑性变形对裂纹尖端电化学腐蚀电位变化的影响.
关键词:
应力强度因子
,
电化学腐蚀电位
,
裂纹尖端
,
有限元
,
高温水
姚可夫
,
唐迺泳
,
陈南平
金属学报
在透射电子显微镜下对铁素体-奥氏体双相不锈钢薄膜试样进行了动态拉伸试验,原位观察了裂纹尖端塑性变形过程和位错分布,发现在铁素体相和奥氏体相中,裂尖位错组态有明显差异。在铁素体相中,裂尖无位错区较大,且让错易发生交滑移,在裂纹前端形成较大的塑性区。在奥氏体相中,裂尖无位错区较小,发射的位错在其滑移面内逆塞积。两相中裂尖滑移系的选择都与裂尖Schmid因子有关。但当形变较大时,奥氏体相中裂尖二次滑移系的选择不再为裂尖Schmid因子所支配。
关键词:
裂纹尖端
,
dislocation configuration Schmid factor
,
duplex stainless steel
,
null
张飒
机械工程材料
doi:10.11973/jxgccl201706006
采用传统固相法制备了平均晶粒尺寸为5 μm的四方结构掺镧锆钛酸铅(PLZT)铁电陶瓷,在其表面涂银、切向预极化后刻蚀出刻槽,在刻槽表面压出维氏压痕并沿预极化方向施加外电场,利用Raman光谱原位观测了压痕裂纹尖端附近不同位置的畴变,分析了Raman软模E(2TO)和E(3TO+2LO)+B1峰的强度随观测点的变化规律.结果表明:在外电场作用下,裂纹尖端会发生电致应变和90°畴变;Raman谱和软模E(2TO)、E(3TO+2LO)+B1峰强度均会随着观测点距裂纹尖端距离的增大而减弱.
关键词:
PLZT铁电陶瓷
,
原位Raman观测
,
畴变
,
裂纹尖端
杨富强
,
薛河
,
赵凌燕
,
方秀荣
稀有金属
力学与化学相互作用引起的力学化学效应会加速核电站中镍基合金的应力腐蚀开裂行为.焊接接头材料力学性能的不均匀性,将间接影响材料的力学化学效应.采用标准紧凑拉伸试样和有限元方法,研究得到了高温水环境中600合金屈服强度和硬化指数对裂纹尖端表面力学化学效应的影响,分析了弹性和塑性变形对裂纹尖端力学化学效应的作用.结果表明,600合金裂尖表面的力学化学效应受到屈服强度变化的影响,但硬化指数对裂尖表面力学化学效应的影响不明显.
关键词:
力学化学效应
,
屈服强度
,
硬化指数
,
裂尖
,
有限元
