L. M. Lobanov (The E. O. Paton Electric welding Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
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kiev
,
Ukraine)
金属学报(英文版)
A package of work is presented on development of highly effective welded structures, currently conducted by the E. O. Paton Electric Welding Institute. New types of cost - effective and reliable welded struc- tures have been developed, including light - weight building structures, bridge frameworks, TV tow- ers, heavy - duty structures from high - strength steels, large-sized stringer panels and shells, unique structures of a transformable volume. A series of methods of investigations of welding stresses and strains have been created, they being characterized by a high accuracy and information content. The physical and mathematical fundamentals of optical simulation of welded stresses have been estab- lished and the theory of their similarity has been constructed. Holographic methods of investigation of the quality and stressed - strained state of welded joints have been advised. Portable holographic sys- tems for been been developed which allow investigations to be conducted without the vibration - insulation facilities. A non-destructive testing method of residual stresses determination has been elaborated based on ultrasonic probing of the appropriate sections of the welded structure. A new trend has been formed, namely the distortion - free welding of structures, which is based on regulation of the thermal processes during welding with the aim of reduction of the heat input and inducing the preliminary stressed - strained states optimized in terms of welding stresses and strains. Specialized procedures and equipment based on the acoustic emission effect have been developed for diagnostics of welded structures. The technology and equipment have been for ultrasonic impact treatment of welded joints in or- der to improve their fatigue resistance, as well as computerized methods for design of welded joints and structures.
关键词:
welded structure
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路浩
,
陶传琦
兵器材料科学与工程
利用数值仿真技术开展高速动车转向架、地板等大部件的虚拟焊接.针对大型焊接结构计算的难点,采用先进热源模型及高效计算方法,测试不同温度下铝合金、耐候钢等高铁用材料的热物理参数,建立高铁虚拟焊接用基本材料热物理参数库,开展高速动车车体结构的虚拟仿真计算.结果表明,此技术可指导车体焊接工艺优化,优化车体结构设计,降低焊接变形和制造成本,改善制造质量,提高产品服役性能.
关键词:
高速列车
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自主创新
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焊接结构
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数值模拟
郑安升
,
宋诗哲
中国腐蚀与防护学报
研制了一种可用于检测水环境中焊接件焊缝与母材不同部位腐蚀状况的电化学传感器，分别设计了适合对接和角接焊缝腐蚀检测的两种传感器。运用局部封闭原理，测试时传感器与待测构件表面形成临时封闭的电解池。利用磁铁将传感器固定在待测件表面。实验验证了封闭电流的能力。并应用所研制的传感器对3.5%NaCl溶液中模拟焊接试样的焊缝及母材不同部位进行了测试。结果表明，焊缝和母材的极化阻力随时间呈现出不同的变化规律。EIS测试结果也存在明显的区别。结果表明，研制的传感器可以很好地区分出焊接件不同部位的腐蚀状况。
关键词:
焊接件
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electrochemical sensor
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corrosion detection
